Department of Physiatry, Balneology, and Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
Institute of Physical Education and Sport, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
Med Sci Monit. 2023 Sep 6;29:e941386. doi: 10.12659/MSM.941386.
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a common concern among professional athletes, potentially hindering performance and career longevity. However, comparative assessments of LBP prevalence and severity across various sports remain scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with LBP in 388 professional athletes, including football, ice hockey, and floorball players. MATERIAL AND METHODS Conducted from June 2021 to September 2022, this cross-sectional study incorporated 388 athletes from national elite clubs, including football (n=148), ice hockey (n=179), and floorball (n=61). The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), comprising sections like pain intensity, self-care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, sexual life, social life, and traveling, was employed to evaluate spinal pain and disability. RESULTS The study found no significant disparities in the LBP assessment among the groups. The relative risk (OR) of LBP and disability varied among the sports: football players displayed a lower risk (OR=0.49; 95% CI 0.32-0.74, P≤0.001), while ice hockey players had a higher risk (OR=2.18; 95% CI 1.45-3.29, P≤0.001) compared to the others. In contrast, the risk for floorball players (OR=0.82; 95% CI 0.47-1.41) did not significantly deviate from that of the other two sports. CONCLUSIONS LBP prevalence stood at 42.6% for football players, 60.1% for ice hockey players, and 49.2% for floorball players. Among these, ice hockey players exhibited a 2.18-fold increased risk of developing LBP and associated disability when compared to their football and floorball counterparts.
下背痛（LBP）是职业运动员常见的关注点，可能会影响表现和职业生涯的长久性。然而，不同运动项目中 LBP 患病率和严重程度的比较评估仍然很少。本研究旨在评估 388 名职业运动员（包括足球、冰球和地板球运动员）中与 LBP 相关的因素。
这是一项横断面研究，从 2021 年 6 月至 2022 年 9 月，纳入来自国家精英俱乐部的 388 名运动员，包括足球（n=148）、冰球（n=179）和地板球（n=61）。采用 Oswestry 残疾指数（ODI）评估脊柱疼痛和残疾，包括疼痛强度、自我护理、举重、行走、坐、站、睡、性生活、社会生活和旅行等部分。
研究发现，各组之间的 LBP 评估没有显著差异。LBP 和残疾的相对风险（OR）在不同运动项目中有所不同：足球运动员的风险较低（OR=0.49；95%CI 0.32-0.74，P≤0.001），而冰球运动员的风险较高（OR=2.18；95%CI 1.45-3.29，P≤0.001），而地板球运动员的风险（OR=0.82；95%CI 0.47-1.41）与其他两项运动无显著差异。
足球运动员的 LBP 患病率为 42.6%，冰球运动员为 60.1%，地板球运动员为 49.2%。在这些运动员中，与足球和地板球运动员相比，冰球运动员发生 LBP 和相关残疾的风险增加了 2.18 倍。
