Oppong-Mensah Yaa Gyamfua, Odoom Samuel Frimpong, Nyanor Isaac, Amuzu Evans Xorse, Yawnumah Suraj Abubakar, Asafo-Adjei Emmanuel, Nguah Samuel Blay, Ansong Daniel, Osei-Akoto Alex, Paintsil Vivian
Department of Child Health Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana.
Department of Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana.
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 3;6(9):e1534. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1534. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the commonest monogenic haemolytic disorder in Africa. Despite strides made in its management, a significant proportion of patients are hospitalized from the various complications of the disease. This study set out to describe the main causes and outcomes of hospitalizations among pediatric patients with SCD.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital within a period of 12 months to recruit pediatric SCD patients. This study looked at causes of admission, length of hospital stay (LOS), and outcome of admission.
Of the 201 SCD patients recruited, 57.2% were males and majority were of SCD-SS phenotype 83.1%. The median age was 6 years. The three leading causes of hospitalization were Vaso-occlusive pain events (VOPE) (39.8%), acute chest syndrome (ACS) (25.9%), and infections (12.4%). Ten (5.0%) of the patients presented with a stroke. High admissions were observed in June (12.4%) and November (16.9%). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) LOS was 6 days (IQR: 4-10). Six (3.0%) of the patients died from complications of the disease during hospitalization.
VOPE, ACS, infections, and acute anaemia from hyperhaemolysis were observed as the most common causes of admissions among SCD patients. A good outcome of discharge was seen in most of the patients that were hospitalized with a median length of stay of 6 days. This study also strengthens the importance of a good SCD database with patient follow-ups for better outcomes in SCD patients.
镰状细胞病（SCD）是非洲最常见的单基因溶血性疾病。尽管在其治疗方面取得了进展，但仍有相当一部分患者因该疾病的各种并发症而住院。本研究旨在描述小儿SCD患者住院的主要原因及结局。
在Komfo Anokye教学医院儿科急诊室进行了一项为期12个月的横断面研究，以招募小儿SCD患者。本研究观察了入院原因、住院时间（LOS）和入院结局。
在招募的201例SCD患者中，57.2%为男性，大多数为SCD-SS表型（83.1%）。中位年龄为6岁。住院的三大主要原因是血管闭塞性疼痛事件（VOPE）（39.8%）、急性胸综合征（ACS）（25.9%）和感染（12.4%）。10例（5.0%）患者出现中风。6月（12.4%）和11月（16.9%）的入院人数较多。中位（四分位间距[IQR]）住院时间为6天（IQR：4-10）。6例（3.0%）患者在住院期间死于疾病并发症。
VOPE、ACS、感染和高溶血引起的急性贫血是SCD患者入院的最常见原因。大多数住院患者出院情况良好，中位住院时间为6天。本研究还强化了建立完善的SCD数据库并对患者进行随访以改善SCD患者结局的重要性。
