Vazquez-Munoz Roberto, Thompson Angela, Sobue Takanori, Dongari-Bagtzoglou Anna
Department of General Dentistry, The University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Sep 6;11(5):e0173423. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01734-23.
Oral bacteria can influence the ability of to cause oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). We recently reported that a -enriched oral microbiota reduced virulence in an immunosuppressed OPC mouse model. As a follow-up, in this work, we aimed to enrich the resident oral communities with a prebiotic diet to further assess their effect on the severity of OPC. We tested the effect of a prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS)-enriched diet in the oral global bacterial composition and severity of OPC. We assessed changes in the oral microbiome composition via 16S-rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, validated by qPCR. The impact of the prebiotic diet on infection was assessed by quantifying changes in oral fungal and bacterial biomass and scoring tongue lesions. Contrary to expectations, oral communities were not enriched by the XOS-supplemented diet. Yet, XOS modulated the oral microbiome composition, increasing abundance and reducing enterococci and staphylococci. In the OPC model, the XOS diet attenuated virulence and bacterial dysbiosis, increasing lactobacilli and reducing enterococci on the oral mucosa. We conclude that XOS attenuates virulence by promoting a bacterial microbiome structure more resilient to infection. IMPORTANCE This is the first study on the effects of a prebiotic diet on the oral mucosal bacterial microbiome and an oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) mouse model. We found that xylo-oligosaccharides change the oral bacterial community composition and attenuate OPC. Our results contribute to the understanding of the impact of the oral bacterial communities on virulence.
口腔细菌会影响引发口咽念珠菌病（OPC）的能力。我们最近报告称，富含某种细菌的口腔微生物群在免疫抑制的OPC小鼠模型中降低了某种真菌的毒力。作为后续研究，在这项工作中，我们旨在通过益生元饮食富集常驻口腔细菌群落，以进一步评估它们对口咽念珠菌病严重程度的影响。我们测试了富含益生元木寡糖（XOS）的饮食对口腔整体细菌组成和口咽念珠菌病严重程度的影响。我们通过16S - rRNA基因高通量测序评估口腔微生物群组成的变化，并通过定量聚合酶链反应进行验证。通过量化口腔真菌和细菌生物量的变化以及对舌部病变进行评分，评估益生元饮食对真菌感染的影响。与预期相反，补充XOS的饮食并未使口腔细菌群落富集。然而，XOS调节了口腔微生物群组成，增加了某种细菌的丰度并减少了肠球菌和葡萄球菌。在OPC模型中，XOS饮食减弱了真菌毒力和细菌失调，增加了口腔黏膜上的乳酸杆菌并减少了肠球菌。我们得出结论，XOS通过促进对真菌感染更具弹性的细菌微生物群结构来减弱真菌毒力。重要性 这是第一项关于益生元饮食对口腔黏膜细菌微生物群和口咽念珠菌病（OPC）小鼠模型影响的研究。我们发现木寡糖改变了口腔细菌群落组成并减轻了口咽念珠菌病。我们的结果有助于理解口腔细菌群落对真菌毒力的影响。
