硅和硅纳米颗粒对镉胁迫下番茄抗氧化系统和镉吸收的比较影响。
Comparative effects of silicon and silicon nanoparticles on the antioxidant system and cadmium uptake in tomato under cadmium stress.
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China.
Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 15;904:166819. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166819. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is an important threat to agricultural production globally. Silicon (Si) and silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) can mitigate Cd stress in plants. However, the mechanisms underlying the impacts of Si and Si NPs on Cd resistance, particularly in low-Si accumulators, remain inadequately understood. Accordingly, we conducted a comparative investigation into the roles of Si and Si NPs in regulating the antioxidant system (enzymes and antioxidants) and Cd uptake (influx rate, symplastic and apoplastic pathways) in tomato (a typical low-Si accumulator). The results revealed that Si and Si NPs improved tomato growth under Cd stress, and principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that Si NPs were more effective than Si. For oxidative damage, redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that Si NPs ameliorated oxidative damage in both shoots and roots, whereas Si predominantly alleviated oxidative damage in roots. Simultaneously, Si and Si NPs regulated antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic antioxidants with distinct targets and strengths. Furthermore, Si and Si NPs decreased Cd concentration in tomato shoot, root, and xylem sap, while Si NPs induced a more significant decline in shoot and xylem sap Cd. Noninvasive microtest and quantitative estimation of trisodium-8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic (PTS, an apoplastic tracer) showed that Si and Si NPs reduced the Cd influx rate and apoplastic Cd uptake, while Si NPs induced a more significant reduction. Moreover, Si regulated the expression of genes responsible for Cd uptake (NRAMP2 and LCT1) and compartmentalization (HMA3), while Si NPs reduced the expression of NRAMP2. In conjunction with RDA, the results showed that Si and Si NPs decreased Cd uptake mainly by regulating the symplastic and apoplastic pathways, respectively. Overall, our results indicate that Si NPs is more effective in promoting tomato growth and alleviating oxidative damage than Si in tomato under Cd stress by modulating the antioxidant system and reducing apoplastic Cd uptake.
镉（Cd）污染是全球农业生产的一个重要威胁。硅（Si）和硅纳米颗粒（Si NPs）可以减轻植物的 Cd 胁迫。然而，Si 和 Si NPs 对 Cd 抗性的影响机制，特别是在低-Si 积累者中，仍然了解不足。因此，我们对 Si 和 Si NPs 在调节抗氧化系统（酶和抗氧化剂）和 Cd 吸收（流入率、质外体和共质体途径）方面的作用进行了比较研究在番茄（典型的低-Si 积累者）中。结果表明，Si 和 Si NPs 在 Cd 胁迫下促进了番茄的生长，主成分分析（PCA）表明 Si NPs 比 Si 更有效。对于氧化损伤，冗余分析（RDA）结果表明，Si NPs 改善了地上部和根部的氧化损伤，而 Si 主要减轻了根部的氧化损伤。同时，Si 和 Si NPs 以不同的靶点和强度调节抗氧化酶和非酶抗氧化剂。此外，Si 和 Si NPs 降低了番茄地上部、根部和木质部汁液中的 Cd 浓度，而 Si NPs 诱导了地上部和木质部汁液中 Cd 浓度的显著下降。非侵入性微测试和定量估计三钠-8-羟基-1,3,6-苝三磺酸（PTS，质外体示踪剂）表明，Si 和 Si NPs 降低了 Cd 流入率和质外体 Cd 吸收，而 Si NPs 诱导了更显著的降低。此外，Si 调节了负责 Cd 吸收的基因（NRAMP2 和 LCT1）和区室化（HMA3）的表达，而 Si NPs 降低了 NRAMP2 的表达。与 RDA 相结合，结果表明，Si 和 Si NPs 通过调节共质体和质外体途径，分别降低了 Cd 的吸收。总的来说，我们的结果表明，在 Cd 胁迫下，Si NPs 通过调节抗氧化系统和减少质外体 Cd 吸收，比 Si 更有效地促进番茄生长和缓解氧化损伤。
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