Alharbi Khadiga, Hafez Emad M, Elhawat Nevien, Omara Alaa El-Dein, Rashwan Emadelden, Mohamed Hossam H, Alshaal Tarek, Gadow Samir I
Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Dec 19;13(24):3550. doi: 10.3390/plants13243550.
Excessive irrigation of saline-alkaline soils with Cd-contaminated wastewater has resulted in deterioration of both soil and plant quality. To an investigate this, a study was conducted to explore the effects of biochar (applied at 10 t ha), PGPRs ( (USDA 110) + at 1:1 ratio), and Si-NPs (25 mg L) on soybean plants grown in saline-alkali soil irrigated with wastewater. The results showed that the trio-combination of biochar with PGPRs, (as soil amendments) and Si-NPs (as foliar spraying), was more effective than individual or coupled applications in reducing Cd bioavailability in the soil, minimizing its absorption, translocation and bioconcentration in soybean tissues. The trio-combination reduced Cd bioavailability in the soil by 39.1% and Cd accumulation in plant roots, shoots, and seeds by 61.0%, 69.3%, and 61.1%, respectively. Physiological improvements in soybean plants were also observed, including 197.8% increase in root growth, 209.3% increase in chlorophyll content, and 297.4% increase in carotenoid levels. The trio-combination significantly improved soil physicochemical characteristics, enhanced soil microbial indicators and boosted soil enzymes activity, which in turn facilitated nutrient uptake and increased antioxidant enzymes activity. These positive outcomes enhanced photosynthesis, improved productivity and increased seed nutritional value. Overall, the trio-combination of biochar with PGPRs and Si-NPs are considered a reliable approach not only for revitalizing soybean growth but also for immobilizing Cd and improving soil health under wastewater irrigation.
用含镉废水过度灌溉盐碱地导致土壤和植物质量恶化。为对此进行研究，开展了一项研究，以探究生物炭（施用量为10吨/公顷）、植物根际促生菌（USDA 110，比例为1:1）和硅纳米颗粒（25毫克/升）对在废水灌溉的盐碱土壤中生长的大豆植株的影响。结果表明，生物炭与植物根际促生菌（作为土壤改良剂）和硅纳米颗粒（作为叶面喷施）的三联组合，在降低土壤中镉的生物有效性、减少其在大豆组织中的吸收、转运和生物富集方面，比单独或联合施用更有效。三联组合使土壤中镉的生物有效性降低了39.1%，使植物根、茎和种子中的镉积累分别减少了61.0%、69.3%和61.1%。还观察到大豆植株的生理改善，包括根系生长增加197.8%、叶绿素含量增加209.3%以及类胡萝卜素水平增加297.4%。三联组合显著改善了土壤理化特性，增强了土壤微生物指标并提高了土壤酶活性，进而促进了养分吸收并增加了抗氧化酶活性。这些积极成果增强了光合作用，提高了生产力并增加了种子营养价值。总体而言，生物炭与植物根际促生菌和硅纳米颗粒的三联组合不仅被认为是振兴大豆生长的可靠方法，而且是在废水灌溉条件下固定镉和改善土壤健康的可靠方法。
