School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol. 2024 May;342(3):200-211. doi: 10.1002/jez.b.23221. Epub 2023 Sep 7.
The Motor Ganglion (MG) is a small collection of neurons that control the swimming movements of the tunicate tadpole larva. Situated at the base of the tail, molecular and functional comparisons suggest that may be a homolog of the spinal cord and/or hindbrain ("rhombospinal" region) of vertebrates. Here we review the most current knowledge of the development, connectivity, functions, and unique identities of the neurons that comprise the MG, drawn mostly from studies in Ciona spp. The simple cell lineages, minimal cellular composition, and comprehensively mapped "connectome" of the Ciona MG all make this an excellent model for studying the development and physiology of motor control in aquatic larvae.
肌节神经节（MG）是一小群神经元，控制被囊动物幼虫的游泳运动。位于尾部基部，分子和功能比较表明，它可能是脊椎动物脊髓和/或后脑（“脊髓”区域）的同源物。在这里，我们回顾了构成 MG 的神经元的发育、连接、功能和独特身份的最新知识，这些知识主要来自对 Ciona spp 的研究。Ciona MG 的简单细胞谱系、最小的细胞组成和全面绘制的“连接组”使它成为研究水生幼虫运动控制的发育和生理学的理想模型。
