Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2023 Oct;91(2):139-235. doi: 10.1007/s10493-023-00832-0. Epub 2023 Sep 7.
The physics of fluid laminar flow through an idealised deutosternum assembly is used for the first time to review predatory feeding designs over 72 different-sized example species from 16 mesostigmatid families in order to inform the finding of new biological control agents. Gnathosomal data are digitised from published sources. Relevant gnathosomal macro- and micro-features are compared and contrasted in detail which may subtly impact the control of channel- or 'pipe'-based transport of prey liquids around various gnathosomal locations. Relative deutosternal groove width on the mesostigmatid subcapitulum is important but appears unrelated to the closing velocity ratio of the moveable digit. Big mites are adapted for handling large and watery prey. The repeated regular distance between deutosternal transverse ridges ('Querleisten') supports the idea of them enabling a regular fluctuating bulging or pulsing droplet-based fluid wave 'sticking' and 'slipping' along the groove. Phytoseiids are an outlier functional group with a low deutosternal pipe flow per body size designed for slot-like microchannel transport in low volume fluid threads arising from daintily nibbling nearby prey klinorhynchidly. Deutosternal groove denticles are orientated topographically in order to synergise flow and possible mixing of coxal gland-derived droplets and circumcapitular reservoir fluids across the venter of the gnathosomal base back via the hypostome to the prey being masticated by the chelicerae. As well as working with the tritosternum to mechanically clean the deutosternum, denticles may suppress fluid drag. Shallow grooves may support edge-crawling viscous flow. Lateral features may facilitate handling unusual amounts of fluid arising from opportunistic feeding on atypical prey. Various conjectures for confirmatory follow-up are highlighted. Suggestions as to how to triage non-uropodoid species as candidate plant pest control agents are included.
首次利用理想的二盾胸节组件中的层流流体物理学来回顾 72 种不同大小的 16 个中气门目科的捕食性进食设计，以寻找新的生物防治剂。从已发表的资料中数字化了关节的数据。详细比较和对比了相关的关节宏观和微观特征，这些特征可能会微妙地影响到围绕各种关节位置的通道或“管道”式猎物液体输送的控制。在中气门亚头壳上相对的二盾胸节槽的宽度很重要，但与可动指的关闭速度比无关。大螨类适应处理大而多汁的猎物。二盾胸节横脊（“ Querleisten ”）之间重复的规则距离支持了它们能够使规则波动的凸起或脉冲液滴基流体波“粘住”和“滑动”沿着槽的想法。植绥螨是一个功能异常的功能群，其低二盾胸节管流设计用于低体积流体线中的狭缝状微通道输送，这些流体线源自小心翼翼地小口啃食附近猎物 klinorhynchidly。二盾胸节槽小齿在地形上定向，以便协同流动和可能的混合coxal 腺衍生的液滴和围绕头壳基部腹面的环头腔储液器流体，通过口后板返回正在被螯肢咀嚼的猎物。小齿除了与三盾胸节一起机械清洁二盾胸节外，还可能抑制流体阻力。浅槽可能支持边缘爬行粘性流。侧向特征可能有助于处理由于机会性捕食非典型猎物而产生的异常量的流体。突出强调了各种可供证实的后续研究的推测。还包括如何将非跗节类物种作为候选植物害虫防治剂进行分类的建议。
