Lin Jinshui, Xu Lei, Yang Jianshe, Wang Zhuo, Shen Xihui
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
Stress Biol. 2021 Nov 3;1(1):11. doi: 10.1007/s44154-021-00008-z.
Bacteria inhabit diverse and dynamic environments, where nutrients may be limited and toxic chemicals can be prevalent. To adapt to these stressful conditions, bacteria have evolved specialized protein secretion systems, such as the type VI secretion system (T6SS) to facilitate their survival. As a molecular syringe, the T6SS expels various effectors into neighboring bacterial cells, eukaryotic cells, or the extracellular environment. These effectors improve the competitive fitness and environmental adaption of bacterial cells. Although primarily recognized as antibacterial weapons, recent studies have demonstrated that T6SSs have functions beyond interspecies competition. Here, we summarize recent research on the role of T6SSs in microbiome modulation, pathogenesis, and stress resistance.
细菌栖息于多样且动态变化的环境中，在这些环境里营养物质可能有限，有毒化学物质却可能普遍存在。为了适应这些压力条件，细菌进化出了专门的蛋白质分泌系统，比如VI型分泌系统（T6SS）来促进自身生存。作为一个分子注射器，T6SS将各种效应蛋白注入相邻的细菌细胞、真核细胞或细胞外环境中。这些效应蛋白提高了细菌细胞的竞争适应性和环境适应能力。尽管T6SS主要被认为是抗菌武器，但最近的研究表明，T6SS具有种间竞争以外的功能。在此，我们总结了关于T6SS在微生物群落调节、发病机制和抗逆性方面作用的最新研究。
