MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Sep 8;72(36):979-984. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7236a2.
Despite the availability of effective vaccines against pneumococcal disease, pneumococcus is a common bacterial cause of pneumonia, causing approximately 100,000 hospitalizations among U.S. adults per year. In addition, approximately 30,000 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) cases and 3,000 IPD deaths occur among U.S. adults each year. Previous health care provider surveys identified gaps in provider knowledge about and understanding of the adult pneumococcal vaccine recommendations, and pneumococcal vaccine coverage remains suboptimal. To assess the feasibility and acceptability domains of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Evidence to Recommendations (EtR) framework, a health care provider knowledge and attitudes survey was conducted during September 28-October 10, 2022, by the Healthcare and Public Perceptions of Immunizations Survey Collaborative before the October 2022 ACIP meeting. Among 751 provider respondents, two thirds agreed or strongly agreed with the policy option under consideration to expand the recommendations for the new 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) to adults who had only received the previously recommended 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Gaps in providers' knowledge and perceived challenges to implementing recommendations were identified and were included in ACIP's EtR framework discussions in late October 2022 when ACIP updated the recommendations for PCV20 use in adults. Currently, use of PCV20 is recommended for certain adults who have previously received PCV13, in addition to those who have never received a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The survey findings indicate a need to increase provider awareness and implementation of pneumococcal vaccination recommendations and to provide tools to assist with patient-specific vaccination guidance. Resources available to address the challenges to implementing pneumococcal vaccination recommendations include the PneumoRecs VaxAdvisor mobile app and other CDC-developed tools, including summary documents and overviews of vaccination schedules and CDC's strategic framework to increase confidence in vaccines and reduce vaccine-preventable diseases, Vaccinate with Confidence.
尽管有针对肺炎球菌病的有效疫苗，但肺炎球菌仍是导致美国成年人每年约 10 万人住院的常见细菌性病因。此外，美国成年人每年约有 3 万例侵袭性肺炎球菌病（IPD）病例和 3000 例 IPD 死亡。之前的卫生保健提供者调查发现，提供者对成人肺炎球菌疫苗建议的了解和理解存在差距，肺炎球菌疫苗接种覆盖率仍然不理想。为了评估免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）证据到建议（EtR）框架的可行性和可接受性领域，医疗保健和公众对免疫接种调查合作组织在 2022 年 10 月 ACIP 会议之前，于 2022 年 9 月 28 日至 10 月 10 日期间进行了一项卫生保健提供者知识和态度调查。在 751 名提供者应答者中，三分之二的人同意或强烈同意正在考虑的政策选项，即将新的 20 价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV20）的建议扩大到仅接受过先前推荐的 13 价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV13）的成年人。调查发现提供者的知识存在差距，并且在实施建议方面存在挑战，并将这些差距纳入了 ACIP 在 2022 年 10 月下旬讨论的 EtR 框架中，当时 ACIP 更新了成人使用 PCV20 的建议。目前，建议某些以前接受过 PCV13 的成年人以及从未接受过肺炎球菌结合疫苗的成年人使用 PCV20。调查结果表明，需要提高提供者对肺炎球菌疫苗接种建议的认识和实施，并提供工具来协助针对特定患者的疫苗接种指导。可用于解决肺炎球菌疫苗接种建议实施挑战的资源包括 PneumoRecs VaxAdvisor 移动应用程序和其他 CDC 开发的工具，包括摘要文件和疫苗接种时间表概述以及 CDC 增加疫苗信心和减少疫苗可预防疾病的战略框架，信心接种。
