液体活检中 miRNA 肾脏疾病生物标志物的鉴定和检测。
Identification and detection of microRNA kidney disease biomarkers in liquid biopsies.
机构信息
Division of Infection & Immunity.
Wales Kidney Research Unit.
出版信息
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2023 Nov 1;32(6):515-521. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000927. Epub 2023 Sep 7.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging rapidly as a novel class of biomarkers of major organ disorders, including kidney diseases. However, current PCR-based detection methods are not amenable to development for high-throughput, cost-effective miRNA biomarker quantification.
RECENT FINDINGS
MiRNA biomarkers show significant promise for diagnosis and prognosis of kidney diseases, including diabetic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, IgA nephropathy and delayed graft function following kidney transplantation. A variety of novel methods to detect miRNAs in liquid biopsies including urine, plasma and serum are being developed. As miRNAs are functional transcripts that regulate the expression of many protein coding genes, differences in miRNA profiles in disease also offer clues to underlying disease mechanisms.
SUMMARY
Recent findings highlight the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers to detect and predict progression of kidney diseases. Developing in parallel, novel methods for miRNA detection will facilitate the integration of these biomarkers into rapid routine clinical testing and existing care pathways. Validated kidney disease biomarkers also hold promise to identify novel therapeutic tools and targets.
VIDEO ABSTRACT
目的综述
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 作为主要器官疾病（包括肾脏疾病）的新型生物标志物，正在迅速兴起。然而，目前基于 PCR 的检测方法不适用于高通量、具有成本效益的 miRNA 生物标志物定量。
最近的发现
miRNA 生物标志物在诊断和预测肾脏疾病方面显示出巨大的潜力，包括糖尿病肾病、急性肾损伤、IgA 肾病和肾移植后移植物功能延迟。正在开发各种用于检测尿液、血浆和血清等液体活检中 miRNA 的新型方法。由于 miRNA 是调节许多蛋白质编码基因表达的功能性转录物，因此疾病中 miRNA 谱的差异也为潜在的疾病机制提供了线索。
总结
最近的发现强调了 miRNA 作为生物标志物用于检测和预测肾脏疾病进展的潜力。与此同时，miRNA 检测的新方法也在不断发展，这将有助于这些生物标志物快速纳入常规临床检测和现有护理途径。经过验证的肾脏疾病生物标志物也有望识别新的治疗工具和靶点。
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