Laboratory of Mycology and Environmental Diagnosis, Universidade de Franca , Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Medical Mycology (LIM-53), Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2023 Oct 18;67(10):e0053423. doi: 10.1128/aac.00534-23. Epub 2023 Sep 8.
The emergence of disinfectant-resistant microorganisms poses a significant threat to public health. These resilient pathogens can survive and thrive in hospital settings despite routine disinfection practices, leading to persistent infections and the potential for outbreaks. In this study, we investigated the impact of 11 different commercial sanitizers at various concentrations and exposure times on biofilms consisting of clinical and nosocomial environmental isolates of and . Among the sanitizers tested, 0.5% and 2.0% chlorhexidine (CLX), 10% polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP-I), a disinfectant based on quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), 2% glutaraldehyde, and 0.55% orthophthalaldehyde (OPA) demonstrated efficacy against both and in monospecies and mixed biofilms. Analysis showed that 0.5% CLX and 10% PVP-I had fungicidal and bactericidal activity against all biofilms. However, the sanitizer based on QAC and 0.55% OPA proved to be bacteriostatic and fungicidal against both monospecies and mixed biofilms. In mixed biofilms, despite the last four sanitizers exerting fungicidal action, the reduction of fungal cells was approximately 4 log CFU/mL compared to monospecies biofilms, showing that the interaction provided more resistance of the yeast to the sanitizer. Formation of mixed biofilms in hospital settings can create an ecological niche that enhances the survival of pathogens against routine sanitization procedures. Therefore, effective sanitization practices, including regular cleaning with effective sanitizers, should be implemented to prevent biofilm formation in healthcare settings.
消毒剂耐药微生物的出现对公共卫生构成了重大威胁。这些具有弹性的病原体能够在医院环境中生存和繁殖，尽管有常规的消毒措施，但仍会导致持续感染和爆发的可能性。在这项研究中，我们研究了 11 种不同的商业消毒剂在不同浓度和暴露时间下对由临床和医院环境分离株组成的生物膜的影响。在所测试的消毒剂中，0.5%和 2.0%的洗必泰（CLX）、10%的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP-I）、基于季铵化合物的消毒剂（QAC）、2%戊二醛和 0.55%邻苯二甲醛（OPA）对单种和混合生物膜中的均显示出有效性。分析表明，0.5%CLX 和 10%PVP-I 对所有生物膜均具有杀菌和抑菌活性。然而，基于 QAC 和 0.55%OPA 的消毒剂对单种和混合生物膜均具有抑菌和杀菌作用。在混合生物膜中，尽管最后四种消毒剂具有杀菌作用，但真菌细胞的减少量与单种生物膜相比约为 4 个对数 CFU/mL，这表明相互作用使酵母对消毒剂的抵抗力更强。医院环境中混合生物膜的形成会创造一个生态位，增强病原体对常规消毒程序的生存能力。因此，应实施有效的消毒措施，包括定期使用有效的消毒剂进行清洁，以防止医疗保健环境中生物膜的形成。
