Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Department Health Rehabilitation Sciences-Speech and Hearing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2024 Aug;26(4):544-555. doi: 10.1080/17549507.2023.2240040. Epub 2023 Sep 8.
: To evaluate the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity) of the Intelligibility in Context Scale in Saudi Arabic (ICS-SA) and English (ICS-E) as potential measures of functional speech intelligibility in bilingual preschool-aged Saudi Arabian children. The study included 36 parent-child (aged 3;0 to 6;5 years; months) dyads who were bilingual speakers of Saudi Arabic and English, which included two groups-typically developing (TD, = 29) and suspected speech sound disordered (sSSD, = 7). The children's intelligibility was evaluated in both languages using the ICS-SA and ICS-E. Children's single-word productions were collected in both languages and calculated for percentage of consonants, vowels, and phonemes correct (i.e. PCC/PVC/PPC) to establish their speech-sound competence. The mean scores for the entire sample ( = 36) were 4.43 ( = 0.79) for the ICS-SA and 4.48 ( = 0.79) for the ICS-E, showing that parents rated their children's intelligibility in both languages similarly. Both the ICS-SA and ICS-E demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α = 0.96 and α = 0.95, respectively). There was high inter-rater and test-retest reliability for the ICS-SA, while there was fair to high inter-rater and test-retest reliability in ICS-E. Significant correlations were found for the ICS-SA, but weak correlations were noted for the ICS-E, which indicated fair to moderate evidence of criterion validity. Construct validity efforts indicated a weak correlation with age on both the ICS-SA and ICS-E. The findings also indicated high discriminant accuracy for both the ICS-SA (0.86, 0.86) and ICS-E (0.71, 0.69). This study provides initial validation and reliability evidence for using the ICS-SA and ICS-E with Saudi Arabic- and English-speaking preschoolers, however, ICS-E scores suggest further testing is warranted. By extension, these findings expand the bilingual knowledge base and offer new tools for identifying children in Saudi Arabia who may be at risk for having a speech sound disorder.
: 评估语境可懂度量表在沙特阿拉伯语（ICS-SA）和英语（ICS-E）中的可靠性、有效性和诊断准确性（灵敏度、特异性），作为评估双语学前沙特阿拉伯儿童功能性言语可懂度的潜在工具。该研究纳入了 36 对双语（说沙特阿拉伯语和英语）的父母-儿童（年龄 3；0 至 6；5 岁；月），包括两组——正常发育（TD，n=29）和疑似言语语音障碍（sSSD，n=7）。使用 ICS-SA 和 ICS-E 评估儿童在两种语言中的可懂度。在两种语言中收集儿童的单词语音样本，并计算辅音、元音和音位的正确百分比（即 PCC/PVC/PPC），以确定他们的言语语音能力。整个样本的平均得分（n=36）为 ICS-SA 的 4.43（=0.79）和 ICS-E 的 4.48（=0.79），表明父母对他们的孩子在两种语言中的可懂度评价相似。ICS-SA 和 ICS-E 均表现出良好的内部一致性（α分别为 0.96 和 0.95）。ICS-SA 的评分者间和重测信度较高，而 ICS-E 的评分者间和重测信度则为中等到较高。ICS-SA 存在显著相关性，而 ICS-E 则存在弱相关性，表明标准效度的证据为中等到适度。结构有效性研究表明，ICS-SA 和 ICS-E 与年龄均存在弱相关性。研究结果还表明，ICS-SA（0.86，0.86）和 ICS-E（0.71，0.69）的判别准确性均较高。本研究为使用 ICS-SA 和 ICS-E 对讲沙特阿拉伯语和英语的学前儿童进行初步验证和可靠性提供了证据，然而，ICS-E 的分数表明需要进一步测试。由此扩展了双语知识库，并为识别沙特阿拉伯可能有言语语音障碍的儿童提供了新的工具。
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