Wallace L M
Br J Med Psychol. 1986 Sep;59(3):253-61. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1986.tb02691.x.
Psychological theories of stress suggest competing hypotheses for the predictive relationship between pre-operative anxiety and post-operative adjustment and recovery. Evidence is presented to assess whether linear or curvilinear (quadratic) relationships account for the association between pre-operative anxiety and post-operative variables. These two hypotheses are tested on two samples of patients undergoing elective minor gynaecological surgery. Multiple regression analyses provided weak support for a linear, but not a curvilinear, relationship between pre-operative anxiety and post-operative anxiety but not with post-operative outcomes other than anxiety such as pain or speed of returning to normal activities. Qualitative data are also presented which examine whether patients who show either low or high levels of pre-operative anxiety differ in the nature of their fears of surgery or their preferred methods of coping with fear and with post-operative pain. No evidence was found to suggest that patients with either high or low levels of pre-operative anxiety differed in appraisal or coping strategies. There was little evidence that the beneficial effects of a special preparatory booklet on post-operative adjustment and recovery were mediated by its influence on state anxiety.
压力的心理学理论针对术前焦虑与术后适应及恢复之间的预测关系提出了相互竞争的假设。本文提供了证据来评估线性或曲线（二次）关系是否能解释术前焦虑与术后变量之间的关联。这两个假设在两组接受择期小型妇科手术的患者样本上进行了检验。多元回归分析对术前焦虑与术后焦虑之间的线性关系提供了微弱支持，但对曲线关系则不然，而且术前焦虑与除焦虑之外的术后结果（如疼痛或恢复正常活动的速度）之间不存在线性关系。本文还呈现了定性数据，这些数据考察了术前焦虑水平低或高的患者在对手术的恐惧本质上，或者在应对恐惧和术后疼痛的首选方法上是否存在差异。未发现证据表明术前焦虑水平高或低的患者在评估或应对策略上存在差异。几乎没有证据表明一本特殊的术前准备手册对术后适应和恢复的有益影响是通过其对状态焦虑的影响来介导的。
