Johnston M, Carpenter L
Psychol Med. 1980 May;10(2):361-7. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700044135.
Janis (1958) has proposed a curvilinear relationship pre-operative anxiety and post-operative emotional state. While other hypotheses share the prediction of a poor outcome for patients with pre-operative high anxiety, Janis' theory is unique in predicting a poor outcome for those with low anxiety. Subsequent research has failed to confirm Janis' hypotheses, perhaps because the designs have been insensitive to the predictions for low anxiety patients. The current study tests the hypothesis more directly and finds some support for a linear relationship between pre-operative anxiety and post-operative negative affect, with no support for Janis' curvilinear hypothesis. On the whole, pre-operative anxiety was a poor predictor of other measures of recovery but, on one measure, patients with low anxiety showed a slower recovery than those with moderate anxiety, i.e. supporting the prediction of a poor outcome for low anxiety patients. The implications of these results for pre-operative preparation of surgical patients and the development of theories of anxiety are discussed.
贾尼斯（1958年）提出了术前焦虑与术后情绪状态之间的曲线关系。虽然其他假说都预测术前高度焦虑的患者预后不佳，但贾尼斯的理论在预测低焦虑患者预后不佳方面独具特色。后续研究未能证实贾尼斯的假说，这可能是因为研究设计对低焦虑患者的预测不敏感。本研究更直接地检验了这一假说，发现术前焦虑与术后负面影响之间存在线性关系，而贾尼斯的曲线假说未得到支持。总体而言，术前焦虑并不能很好地预测其他恢复指标，但在一项指标上，低焦虑患者的恢复速度比中度焦虑患者慢，即支持了低焦虑患者预后不佳的预测。本文讨论了这些结果对手术患者术前准备以及焦虑理论发展的意义。
