Ayele Abebe Nigussie, Mekonen Alemayehu Gonie, Seid AbdulWahhab, Mitikie Esubalew Guday, Abayneh Abrham Demis, Haile Mitiku Tefera
Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Asrate Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan Health Science College, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2023 Sep 8;3(9):e0001895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001895. eCollection 2023.
Obesity causes a serious diet-related chronic disease, including type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, osteoarthritis, and certain forms of cancer. In Sub- Saharan Africa including Ethiopia, most nutritional interventions mainly focused on a child undernutrition and ignored the impacts of obesity among children. In Ethiopia, the magnitude and associated factors of obesity among school-age children were not clearly described. Therefore this study assesses the predictors of obesity among school- age children in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia, 2022.
A cross-sectional study design was conducted from June to July, 2022. Participants were selected by using multistage sampling method. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questions. Data were coded and entered in Epi-data version 4.6 and exported and analyzed using SPSS version 25.
A total of 600 children were participating in the study. The prevalence of obesity was 10.7% (95% CI: 8.3, 13.2). In this study, attending at private school (AOR = 4.24, 95% CI: 1.58, 11.32), children aged between 10-12years (AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.30, 5.48), soft drink available in home (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.25,18.13), Loneliness (AOR = 1.67 95% CI: 1.12, 3.15) and mothers with occupational status of daily labour (AOR = 8.54 95% CI: 1.12, 65.39) were significantly associated with childhood obesity.
In this study, the overall magnitude of childhood obesity was (10.7%) which means one in eleven children and relatively high as compare to the EDHS survey. Therefore, more attention should be given to strengthening physical activities, providing nutritional education, and creating community awareness about healthy diets as well as other preventive measures.
肥胖会引发严重的饮食相关慢性病，包括2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、高血压、骨关节炎和某些类型的癌症。在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的撒哈拉以南非洲地区，大多数营养干预主要集中在儿童营养不良问题上，而忽视了儿童肥胖问题的影响。在埃塞俄比亚，学龄儿童肥胖的程度及相关因素尚未得到清晰描述。因此，本研究评估了2022年埃塞俄比亚德布雷伯汉市学龄儿童肥胖的预测因素。
于2022年6月至7月进行了一项横断面研究设计。采用多阶段抽样方法选取参与者。使用预先测试和结构化的问题收集数据。数据进行编码后录入Epi-data 4.6版本，并导出至SPSS 25版本进行分析。
共有600名儿童参与了该研究。肥胖患病率为10.7%（95%置信区间：8.3，13.2）。在本研究中，就读私立学校（调整后比值比[AOR]=4.24，95%置信区间：1.58，11.32）、年龄在10至12岁之间的儿童（AOR = 2.67，95%置信区间：1.30，5.48）、家中有软饮料（AOR = 2.27，95%置信区间：1.25，18.13）、孤独感（AOR = 1.67，95%置信区间：1.12，3.15）以及母亲为日工职业状态（AOR = 8.54，95%置信区间：1.12，65.39）与儿童肥胖显著相关。
在本研究中，儿童肥胖的总体程度为（10.7%），这意味着每十一个儿童中有一个肥胖，与埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（EDHS）相比相对较高。因此，应更加重视加强体育活动、提供营养教育、提高社区对健康饮食的认识以及采取其他预防措施。
