Section of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
World J Pediatr. 2020 Oct;16(5):438-445. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00341-9. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
The frequency of childhood obesity has increased over the last 3 decades, and the trend constitutes a worrisome epidemic worldwide. With the raising obesity risk, key aspects to consider are accurate body mass index classification, as well as metabolic and cardiovascular, and hepatic consequences.
The authors performed a systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE, using selected key words (obesity, childhood, cardiovascular, liver health). In particular, they focused their search on papers evaluating the impact of obesity on cardiovascular and liver health.
We evaluated the current literature dealing with the impact of excessive body fat accumulation in childhood and across adulthood, as a predisposing factor to cardiovascular and hepatic alterations. We also evaluated the impact of physical and dietary behaviors starting from childhood on cardio-metabolic consequences.
The epidemic of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities worldwide raises concerns about the impact of early abnormalities during childhood and adolescence. Two key abnormalities in this context include cardiovascular diseases, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Appropriate metabolic screenings and associated comorbidities should start as early as possible in obese children and adolescents. Nevertheless, improving dietary intake and increasing physical activity performance are to date the best therapeutic tools in children to weaken the onset of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes risk during adulthood.
在过去的 30 年中，儿童肥胖的频率有所增加，这种趋势在全球范围内构成了一个令人担忧的流行。随着肥胖风险的增加，需要考虑的关键方面是准确的体重指数分类，以及代谢和心血管、肝脏的后果。
作者在 PubMed 和 EMBASE 中进行了系统的文献检索，使用了选定的关键词（肥胖、儿童、心血管、肝脏健康）。特别是，他们专注于评估肥胖对心血管和肝脏健康影响的论文。
我们评估了目前关于儿童期和成年期过度脂肪积累作为心血管和肝脏改变的易患因素的文献。我们还评估了从儿童期开始的身体和饮食行为对心脏代谢后果的影响。
全球肥胖和肥胖相关并发症的流行引起了人们对儿童期和青春期早期异常的影响的关注。在这方面的两个关键异常包括心血管疾病和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病。在肥胖儿童和青少年中，应尽早进行适当的代谢筛查和相关并发症的筛查。然而，改善饮食摄入和增加身体活动表现是迄今为止治疗儿童肥胖、心血管疾病和成年期糖尿病风险的最佳手段。
