Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 8;13(1):14845. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37711-y.
The development of an efficient, safe, and environment-friendly technique to terminate tuber dormancy in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) is of great concern due to the immense scope of multiple cropping all over the globe. The breakage of tuber dormancy has been associated with numerous physiological changes, including a decline in the level of starch and an increase in the levels of sugars during storage of freshly harvested seed potatoes, although their consistency across genotypes and various dormancy-breaking techniques have not yet been fully elucidated. The purpose of the present research is to assess the efficacy of four different dormancy-breaking techniques, such as soaking in 90, 60, or 30 mg L solutions of benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 30, 20, or 10 mg L gibberellic acid (GA3) alone and in the combination of optimized concentrations; cold pre-treatment at 6, 4, or 2 °C; electric shock at 80, 60, 40, or 20 Vs; and irradiation at 3.5, 3, 2.5, 2, 1.5, or 1 kGy on the tuber dormancy period and sprout length of six genotypes. Furthermore, the changes that occurred in tuber weight and endogenous starch, sucrose, fructose, and glucose contents in experimental genotypes following the application of these techniques were also examined. Overall, the most effective technique to terminate tuber dormancy and hasten spout growth was the combined application of BAP and GA, which reduced the length of dormancy by 9.6 days compared to the untreated control, following 6.7 days of electric current, 4.4 days of cold pre-treatment, and finally irradiation (3.3 days). The 60 mg L solution of BAP greatly reduced the dormancy period in all genotypes but did not affect the sprout length at all. The genotypes showed a weak negative correlation (r = - 0.4) (P < 0.05) of endogenous starch contents with dormancy breakage and weight loss or a moderate (r = - 0.5) correlation with sprout length, but a strong positive correlation (r = 0.8) of tuber glucose, fructose, and sucrose contents with dormancy breakage and weight loss. During 3 weeks of storage, sprouting commencement and significant weight loss occurred as tuber dormancy advanced towards breakage due to a reduction in starch and an increase in the sucrose, fructose, and glucose contents of the tubers. These findings could be advantageous for postponing or accelerating seed potato storage as well as investigating related physiological research in the future.
由于全球范围内多茬种植的广泛存在，开发一种高效、安全且环保的技术来终止马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）块茎休眠具有重要意义。打破块茎休眠与许多生理变化有关，包括在新鲜收获的种薯贮藏过程中淀粉水平下降和糖水平升高，尽管它们在不同基因型和各种打破休眠技术中的一致性尚未完全阐明。本研究的目的是评估四种不同休眠打破技术的效果，例如在 90、60 或 30mg/L 苯氨基嘌呤（BAP）溶液中浸泡和单独使用 30、20 或 10mg/L 赤霉素（GA3）以及优化浓度的组合；在 6、4 或 2°C 下进行冷预处理；在 80、60、40 或 20Vs 下进行电击；以及在 3.5、3、2.5、2、1.5 或 1kGy 下进行辐照对六个基因型的块茎休眠期和芽长的影响。此外，还研究了这些技术应用后实验基因型的块茎重量和内源淀粉、蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量的变化。总体而言，终止块茎休眠和促进芽生长最有效的技术是 BAP 和 GA 的联合应用，与未经处理的对照相比，6.7 天的电流、4.4 天的冷预处理和最后辐照（3.3 天）后，休眠期缩短了 9.6 天。60mg/L 的 BAP 溶液大大缩短了所有基因型的休眠期，但对芽长没有影响。基因型与休眠解除和重量损失呈弱负相关（r=−0.4）（P<0.05）或与芽长呈中度相关（r=−0.5），但与芽长呈强正相关（r=0.8）与块茎葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量与休眠解除和重量损失有关。在 3 周的贮藏过程中，随着块茎休眠的推进，由于淀粉的减少和块茎中蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量的增加，芽开始萌发和显著失重。这些发现可能有利于推迟或加速种薯贮藏，以及未来进行相关生理研究。
