Haider Muhammad Wasim, Nafees Muhammad, Ahmad Ishtiaq, Ali Baber, Iqbal Rashid, Vodnar Dan C, Marc Romina Alina, Kamran Muhammad, Saleem Muhammad Hamzah, Al-Ghamdi Abdullah Ahmed, Al-Hemaid Fahad M, Elshikh Mohamed S
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Aug 10;13:945256. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.945256. eCollection 2022.
Development of an efficient and eco-friendly technique to break tuber dormancy in potato ( L.) is highly demanded due to the production of two or more crops annually. Several physiological and hormonal changes have been found to be related to the breaking of tuber dormancy; however, their consistency with genotypes and different protocols have not been well clarified. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of four dormancy-breaking methods, that is, plant growth regulator (PGR) dipping in 30, 60, or 90 mgL benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 10, 20, or 30 mgL gibberellic acids (GA3) alone and in the combination of optimized concentrations; electric current application at 20, 40, 60, or 80 Vs; cold pre-treatment at 2, 4, or 6 °C; irradiation at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, or 3.5 kGy. In addition, changes in endogenous levels of abscisic acid (ABA), zeatin (ZT), and gibberellin A (GA) in six potato genotypes after subjecting to these methods were investigated. Overall, the highest effective method for dormancy duration was the PGR application which shortened the duration by 18 days, followed by electric current (13 days), cold pre-treatment (9 days), and then irradiation (7 days). The solution of 60 mgL BAP significantly reduced the dormancy duration in all genotypes but did not have a significant effect on the sprout length. While 20 mgL GA produced maximum sprout length with a non-significant effect on dormancy duration. The genotype × PGR interaction for dormancy duration was more pronounced in short- and medium-term dormancy genotypes than in long-term dormancy genotypes. The genotypes displayed a significant positive correlation between dormancy duration and ABA levels but exhibited a negative correlation between dormancy duration and ZT as well as GA levels. From the first to the third week of storage, ABA was decreased in tubers while, however, ZT and GA were increased. The obtained results could be useful for the postharvest storage of potato tuber and the related field of physiological investigation in future.
由于马铃薯（L.）每年需要种植两季或多季，因此迫切需要开发一种高效且环保的技术来打破马铃薯块茎的休眠。已发现几种生理和激素变化与块茎休眠的打破有关；然而，它们与基因型和不同方案的一致性尚未得到很好的阐明。本研究旨在评估四种打破休眠方法的有效性，即分别用30、60或90mg/L苄氨基嘌呤（BAP）和10、20或30mg/L赤霉素（GA3）单独处理以及以优化浓度组合处理；施加20、40、60或80Vs的电流；在2、4或6℃下进行冷预处理；以1、1.5、2、2.5、3或3.5kGy进行辐照。此外，还研究了六种马铃薯基因型在经过这些方法处理后脱落酸（ABA）、玉米素（ZT）和赤霉素A（GA）内源水平的变化。总体而言，打破休眠持续时间最有效的方法是施用植物生长调节剂，可将休眠持续时间缩短18天，其次是电流处理（13天）、冷预处理（9天），然后是辐照（7天）。60mg/L BAP溶液显著缩短了所有基因型的休眠持续时间，但对芽长没有显著影响。而20mg/L GA产生了最大的芽长，对休眠持续时间没有显著影响。在短期和中期休眠基因型中，基因型与植物生长调节剂对休眠持续时间的相互作用比长期休眠基因型更为明显。这些基因型的休眠持续时间与ABA水平呈显著正相关，但与ZT以及GA水平呈负相关。在储存的第一周至第三周，块茎中的ABA含量下降，而ZT和GA含量增加。所得结果可能对马铃薯块茎的采后储存及未来相关生理研究领域有用。
