Dario Julie Gabriela Nagi, de Oliveira Eduardo Raele, de Souza Rodrigo Pereira, Theodorovicz Sabrina, Bernini Giovana Chimentão, Ruiz Gabriela, de Carvalho Rafael Humberto, da Silva Caio Abércio
Animal Science Program, Center of Agrarian Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil.
Project Coordinator and Assistant at NutriQuest TechnoFeed, São Paulo 13025-320, SP, Brazil.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Sep 2;13(17):2794. doi: 10.3390/ani13172794.
This study evaluated the effect of a natural source of vitamin D [1,25-(OH)D] and capsaicin (CAP) in the dietary supplementation of sows in the final phase (85-114 days) of gestation (Gest) and lactation (Lact) on the reproductive performance of the sows and health of piglets through two experiments (Exp I and II). In Exp I, 120 sows were subjected to four treatments: T1-control (without [1,25-(OH)D] and supplemental CAP); T2-3.5 µg 1,25-(OH)D/Gest/day and 7.0 µg Vit 1,25-(OH)D/Lact/day; T3-7.0 µg CAP/Gest/day and 14.0 µg CAP/Lact/day; T4-1.75 µg Vit 1,25-(OH)D + 3.5 µg CAP/Gest/day and 3.5 µg 1,25-(OH)D + 7.0 µg CAP/Lact/day. In Exp II, 200 sows were randomly blocked, factorial 2 × 2 (without or with Vit 1,25-(OH)D and without or with CAP): T1-control (without Vit 1,25-(OH)D and CAP); T2-3.5 µg Vit 1,25-(OH)D/Gest/day and 7.0 µg Vit 1,25-(OH)D/Lact/day; T3-7.0 µg CAP/Gest/day and 14.0 µg CAP/Lact/day; T4-3.5 µg Vit 1,25-(OH)D + 7 µg CAP/Gest/day; and 7.0 µg Vit 1,25-(OH)D + 14.0 µg CAP/Lact/day. The duration of delivery (3:48 vs. 4:57 h) and the percentage of stillbirths (5.37% vs. 7.61%) were improved ( < 0.05) in the group that received Vit 1,25-(OH)D (Exp II) compared to the control group. Moreover, the dystocia rate decreased ( < 0.05) in Exp II, which received Vit 1,25-(OH)D (4.21 vs. 27.63%), and in Exp I, which received the combination of Vit 1,25-(OH)D + CAP (12 vs. 40%) compared to the respective control groups. Colostrum production was greater ( < 0.05) in sows that received Vit 1,25-(OH)D supplementation compared to the control group, consequently resulting in higher colostrum intake ( < 0.05) of the piglets (330 vs. 258 g/piglet). The additives reduced the incidence of diarrhea ( < 0.05) in piglets (Exp I and II). Thus, the use of additives improved the reproductive performance of sows and contributed to litter growth.
本研究通过两项实验（实验I和实验II）评估了天然来源的维生素D[1,25-(OH)D]和辣椒素（CAP）在妊娠（Gest）和泌乳（Lact）后期（85 - 114天）对母猪进行日粮补充时，对母猪繁殖性能和仔猪健康的影响。在实验I中，120头母猪接受四种处理：T1 - 对照（无[1,25-(OH)D]和补充CAP）；T2 - 妊娠期间每天3.5μg 1,25-(OH)D，泌乳期间每天7.0μg维生素1,25-(OH)D；T3 - 妊娠期间每天7.0μg CAP，泌乳期间每天14.0μg CAP；T4 - 妊娠期间每天1.75μg维生素1,25-(OH)D + 3.5μg CAP，泌乳期间每天3.5μg 1,25-(OH)D + 7.0μg CAP。在实验II中，200头母猪被随机分组，析因2×2（无或有维生素1,25-(OH)D以及无或有CAP）：T1 - 对照（无维生素1,25-(OH)D和CAP）；T2 - 妊娠期间每天3.5μg维生素1,25-(OH)D，泌乳期间每天7.0μg维生素1,25-(OH)D；T3 - 妊娠期间每天7.0μg CAP，泌乳期间每天14.0μg CAP；T4 - 妊娠期间每天3.5μg维生素1,25-(OH)D + 7μg CAP，泌乳期间每天7.0μg维生素1,25-(OH)D + 14.0μg CAP。与对照组相比，接受维生素1,25-(OH)D的组（实验II）分娩持续时间（3:48对4:57小时）和死胎百分比（5.37%对7.61%）得到改善（P<0.05）。此外，在接受维生素1,25-(OH)D的实验II（4.21%对27.63%）以及接受维生素1,25-(OH)D + CAP组合的实验I（12%对40%）中，难产率均降低（P<0.05），与各自对照组相比。与对照组相比，接受维生素1,25-(OH)D补充的母猪初乳产量更高（P<0.05），因此仔猪的初乳摄入量也更高（P<0.05）（330对258克/仔猪）。添加剂降低了仔猪腹泻的发生率（P<0.05）（实验I和实验II）。因此，添加剂的使用改善了母猪的繁殖性能并有助于仔猪生长。
