J Anim Sci. 2017 Dec;95(12):5430-5438. doi: 10.2527/jas2017.2110.
The beneficial effects of dietary fiber (DF) from a behavioral and welfare perspective have been thoroughly studied. However, data on the effects of DF on reproductive performance are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of increased DF supply during the last 2 wk of gestation on stillbirth rate, preweaning mortality, and total piglet mortality. A total of 644 sows were selected for the experiment from a commercial farm, and the sows were inseminated in weekly batches. Sows in the control group ( = 310) were fed according to the normal feeding strategy of the farm with a gestation diet until 1 wk before expected farrowing, then a transition diet until d 5 of lactation, and then a lactation diet until weaning. Sows in the treatment group ( = 334) were fed as the control group except that 280 g/d of the gestation diet (from d 102 to 108 of gestation) and 570 g/d of the transition diet (from d 109 of gestation until farrowing) was daily replaced with 350 and 700 g/d, respectively, of a DF-rich supplement. Both groups received isocaloric diets on a NE basis. The numbers of live-born and stillborn piglets as well as mortality of live-born piglets with presumed causes of death were recorded. The supplemented DF reduced the proportion of stillborn piglets from 8.8 to 6.6% ( < 0.001) and mortality of total born piglets from 22.3 to 19.9% ( = 0.004) but had no impact on preweaning mortality of the piglets ( = 0.21). Moreover, supplemented DF reduced the proportion of death due to poor viability ( < 0.001; 2.8 vs. 1.5% in the control and treatment groups, respectively) and prevalence of piglet diarrhea ( = 0.004; 0.7 vs. 0.3% in the control and treatment groups, respectively). Crushing, low birth weight, and poor viability were the top 3 contributors to preweaning mortality of live-born piglets, in descending order. In conclusion, the supplemented DF reduced the proportion of stillborn piglets and total piglet mortality as well as mortality due to poor viability and piglet diarrhea in lactation.
从行为和福利的角度来看，膳食纤维（DF）的有益影响已经得到了充分的研究。然而，关于 DF 对繁殖性能影响的数据却很少。因此，本研究旨在探讨在妊娠最后 2 周增加 DF 供应对死产率、哺乳期前死亡率和仔猪总死亡率的影响。本实验共从一个商业农场中选择了 644 头母猪，这些母猪每周分批进行配种。对照组（n = 310）母猪按照农场的正常饲养策略进行饲养，在妊娠日粮中饲养至预计分娩前 1 周，然后在哺乳期第 5 天开始过渡日粮，然后在哺乳期结束时断奶。处理组（n = 334）母猪的饲养方式与对照组相同，只是从妊娠第 102 天到第 108 天的妊娠日粮中每天用富含 DF 的补充剂替代 280 g/d，从妊娠第 109 天到分娩的过渡日粮中每天用富含 DF 的补充剂替代 570 g/d。两组均以 NE 为基础提供等热量日粮。记录活产仔猪和死产仔猪的数量以及死因明确的活产仔猪的死亡率。补充 DF 使死产仔猪的比例从 8.8%降至 6.6%（<0.001），总产仔猪的死亡率从 22.3%降至 19.9%（=0.004），但对仔猪的哺乳期前死亡率没有影响（=0.21）。此外，补充 DF 降低了因活力差导致的死亡比例（<0.001；对照组和处理组分别为 2.8%和 1.5%）和仔猪腹泻的发生率（=0.004；对照组和处理组分别为 0.7%和 0.3%）。压碎、出生体重低和活力差是导致哺乳期活产仔猪死亡的前 3 大原因，按降序排列。总之，补充 DF 降低了死产仔猪和总仔猪的比例死亡率以及哺乳期因活力差和仔猪腹泻导致的死亡率。
