Dallaev Rashid, Pisarenko Tatiana, Papež Nikola, Holcman Vladimír
Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Aug 25;16(17):5839. doi: 10.3390/ma16175839.
The rapid growth and evolution of solar panel technology have been driven by continuous advancements in materials science. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse range of materials employed in modern solar panels, elucidating their roles, properties, and contributions to overall performance. The discussion encompasses both traditional crystalline silicon-based panels and emerging thin-film technologies. A detailed examination of photovoltaic materials, including monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon as well as alternative materials such as cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), and emerging perovskite solar cells, is presented. Furthermore, the impact of transparent conductive materials, encapsulation polymers, and antireflective coatings on solar panel efficiency and durability is explored. The review delves into the synergistic interplay between material properties, manufacturing processes, and environmental considerations. Through a comprehensive survey of materials utilized in modern solar panels, this paper provides insights into the current state of the field, highlighting avenues for future advancements and sustainable solar energy solutions.
太阳能电池板技术的快速发展和演变是由材料科学的不断进步推动的。这篇综述文章全面概述了现代太阳能电池板中使用的各种材料，阐明了它们的作用、特性以及对整体性能的贡献。讨论内容涵盖传统的晶体硅基电池板和新兴的薄膜技术。本文详细研究了光伏材料，包括单晶硅和多晶硅，以及碲化镉（CdTe）、铜铟镓硒（CIGS）等替代材料和新兴的钙钛矿太阳能电池。此外，还探讨了透明导电材料、封装聚合物和抗反射涂层对太阳能电池板效率和耐久性的影响。该综述深入研究了材料特性、制造工艺和环境因素之间的协同相互作用。通过对现代太阳能电池板中使用的材料进行全面调查，本文深入了解了该领域的当前状况，突出了未来进步的途径和可持续太阳能解决方案。
