Leda Patryk, Szala Grzegorz, Piasecka Izabela
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechatronics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Mikołaja Kopernika 1, 85-074 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Faculty of Mechatronics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Mikołaja Kopernika 1, 85-074 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 10;17(24):6028. doi: 10.3390/ma17246028.
Currently, silicon is the most often utilized material for photovoltaic cell manufacturing, as it has the potential to convert solar energy directly into electricity. The silicon used in photovoltaic solutions must be highly pure. Large amounts of power, raw materials, and fossil fuels are consumed in the production process. Post-consumer treatment of polymers, materials, and components also requires energy and matter. These processes have a significant influence on the environment. As a result, the primary purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of a photovoltaic power plant's material and component life cycle on ecosystem quality. The research focuses on an actual photovoltaic power plant with a capacity of 2 MW located in northern Poland. According to the findings, photovoltaic modules are the part that has the most negative environmental impact, since their manufacturing requires a substantial amount of materials and energy (primarily from conventional sources). Post-consumer management, in the form of recycling after use, would provide major environmental advantages and reduce detrimental environmental consequences throughout the course of the solar power plant's full life cycle.
目前，硅是光伏电池制造中最常使用的材料，因为它有潜力将太阳能直接转化为电能。光伏解决方案中使用的硅必须高度纯净。生产过程中会消耗大量电力、原材料和化石燃料。聚合物、材料和组件的消费后处理也需要能源和物质。这些过程对环境有重大影响。因此，本文的主要目的是评估光伏电站材料和组件生命周期对生态系统质量的影响。该研究聚焦于波兰北部一座实际容量为2兆瓦的光伏电站。研究结果表明，光伏组件是对环境负面影响最大的部分，因为其制造需要大量材料和能源（主要来自传统能源）。消费后管理，即使用后回收利用，将带来重大环境效益，并在太阳能电站的整个生命周期内减少有害环境影响。
