Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jan;34(1):e14486. doi: 10.1111/sms.14486. Epub 2023 Sep 10.
To investigate whether a 20-week aerobic and resistance exercise program induces changes in brain current density underlying working memory and inhibitory control in children with overweight/obesity.
A total of 67 children (10.00 ± 1.10 years) were randomized into an exercise or control group. Electroencephalography (EEG)-based current density (μA/mm ) was estimated using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) during a working memory task (Delayed non-matched-to-sample task, DNMS) and inhibitory control task (Modified flanker task, MFT). In DNMS, participants had to memorize four stimuli (Pokemons) and then select between two of them, one of which had not been previously shown. In MFT, participants had to indicate whether the centered cow (i.e., target) of five faced the right or left.
The exercise group had significantly greater increases in brain activation in comparison with the control group during the encoding phase of DNMS, particularly during retention of second stimuli in temporal and frontal areas (peak t = from 3.4 to 3.8, cluster size [k] = from 11 to 39), during the retention of the third stimuli in frontal areas (peak t = from 3.7 to 3.9, k = from 15 to 26), and during the retention of the fourth stimuli in temporal and occipital areas (peak t = from 2.7 to 4.3, k = from 13 to 101). In MFT, the exercise group presented a lower current density change in the middle frontal gyrus (peak t = -4.1, k = 5). No significant change was observed between groups for behavioral performance (p ≥ 0.05).
A 20-week exercise program modulates brain activity which might provide a positive influence on working memory and inhibitory control in children with overweight/obesity.
研究 20 周有氧运动和抗阻运动是否能改变超重/肥胖儿童工作记忆和抑制控制所涉及的大脑电流密度。
共有 67 名儿童（10.00±1.10 岁）被随机分为运动组或对照组。在工作记忆任务（延迟非匹配样本任务，DNMS）和抑制控制任务（改良斯特鲁普任务，MFT）中，使用标准化低分辨率脑电磁层析成像（sLORETA）来估计基于脑电图（EEG）的电流密度（μA/mm）。在 DNMS 中，参与者必须记住四个刺激物（口袋妖怪），然后在两个刺激物中选择一个，其中一个之前没有出现过。在 MFT 中，参与者必须指出五个面向的奶牛（即目标）是面向右边还是左边。
与对照组相比，运动组在 DNMS 的编码阶段大脑激活显著增加，尤其是在颞区和额区保留第二个刺激物时（峰值 t 从 3.4 到 3.8，簇大小[k]从 11 到 39），在额区保留第三个刺激物时（峰值 t 从 3.7 到 3.9，k 从 15 到 26），以及在颞区和枕区保留第四个刺激物时（峰值 t 从 2.7 到 4.3，k 从 13 到 101）。在 MFT 中，运动组中额中回的电流密度变化较低（峰值 t=-4.1，k=5）。两组之间的行为表现没有显著变化（p≥0.05）。
20 周的运动方案调节了大脑活动，这可能对超重/肥胖儿童的工作记忆和抑制控制产生积极影响。
