Mutinda Josphat, Mwamburi Samuel Mwakisha, Oduor Kennedy Omondi, Vincent Omolo Maurice, Ntabo Regina Mongina, Gathiru James Muhunyu, Mwangangi Joseph, Nonoh James O M
Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O Box 81651- 80100, English Point, Mkomani, Mombasa, Kenya.
Access Microbiol. 2023 Aug 17;5(8). doi: 10.1099/acmi.0.000606.v4. eCollection 2023.
Since mosquitoes which transmit and maintain the malaria parasite breed in the outdoor environment, there is an urgent need to manage these mosquito breeding sites. In order to elaborate more on the ecological landscape of mosquito breeding sites, the bacterial community structure and their interactions with physicochemical factors in mosquito larval habitats was characterised in Kwale County (Kenya), where malaria is endemic.
The physical characteristics and water physicochemical parameters of the habitats were determined and recorded. Water samples were also collected from the identified sites for total metagenomic DNA extraction in order to characterise the bacterial communities within the breeding sites.
Sites where mosquito larvae were found were described as positive and those without mosquito larvae as negative. Electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity and ammonia were lower in the rainy season than in the dry season, which also coincided with a high proportion of positive sites. Pseudomonadota was the most common phyla recovered in all samples followed by Bacteroidota and then Actinomycetota. The presence or absence of mosquito larvae in a potential proliferation site was not related to the bacterial community structure in the sampled sites, but was positively correlated with bacterial richness and evenness.
Generally, the presence of mosquito larvae was found to be positively correlated with rainy season, bacterial richness and evenness, and negatively correlated with electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity and ammonia. The findings of this study have implications for predicting the potential of environmental water samples to become mosquito proliferation sites.
由于传播和维持疟原虫的蚊子在室外环境中繁殖，因此迫切需要对这些蚊子繁殖地进行管理。为了更详细地阐述蚊子繁殖地的生态景观，对肯尼亚夸莱县（疟疾流行地区）蚊子幼虫栖息地的细菌群落结构及其与物理化学因素的相互作用进行了表征。
测定并记录了栖息地的物理特征和水体物理化学参数。还从确定的地点采集水样以提取总宏基因组DNA，以便表征繁殖地内的细菌群落。
发现有蚊子幼虫的地点被描述为阳性地点，没有蚊子幼虫的地点为阴性地点。雨季的电导率、总溶解固体、盐度和氨含量低于旱季，这也与高比例的阳性地点相吻合。在所有样本中回收的最常见门是假单胞菌门，其次是拟杆菌门，然后是放线菌门。潜在繁殖地中蚊子幼虫的有无与采样地点的细菌群落结构无关，但与细菌丰富度和均匀度呈正相关。
一般来说，发现蚊子幼虫的存在与雨季、细菌丰富度和均匀度呈正相关，与电导率、总溶解固体、盐度和氨呈负相关。本研究结果对预测环境水样成为蚊子繁殖地的可能性具有启示意义。
