Bakarman Khaled, Alsiddiky Abdulmonem M, Zamzam Mohamed, Alzain Kholoud O, Alhuzaimi Fahad S, Rafiq Zulqurnain
Pediatric Orthopaedics, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU.
Pediatric Orthopedics & Spinal Deformities, Research Chair of Spinal Deformities, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 9;15(8):e43207. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43207. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a complex disorder that refers to different hip problems, ranging from neonatal instability to acetabular or femoral dysplasia, hip subluxation, and hip dislocation. It may result in structural modifications, which may lead to early coxarthrosis. Despite identifying the risk factors, the exact aetiology and pathophysiology are still unclear. Neonatal screening, along with physical examination and ultrasound, is critical for the early diagnosis of DDH to prevent the occurrence of early coxarthrosis. This review summarizes the currently practised strategies for the detection and treatment of DDH, focusing particularly on current practices for managing residual acetabular dysplasia (AD). AD may persist even after a successful hip reduction. Pelvic osteotomy is required in cases of persistent AD. It could also be undertaken simultaneously with an open hip reduction. Evaluation of the residual dysplasia (RD) of the hip and its management is still a highly active area of discussion. Recent research has opened the door to discussion on this issue and suggested treatment options for AD. But there is still room for more research to assist in managing AD.
发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH）是一种复杂的病症，涉及不同的髋关节问题，从新生儿期的不稳定到髋臼或股骨发育不良、髋关节半脱位和髋关节脱位。它可能导致结构改变，进而引发早期髋关节骨关节炎。尽管已确定了风险因素，但其确切病因和病理生理学仍不清楚。新生儿筛查以及体格检查和超声检查对于DDH的早期诊断至关重要，以预防早期髋关节骨关节炎的发生。本综述总结了目前用于检测和治疗DDH的策略，尤其关注处理残余髋臼发育不良（AD）的现行方法。即使髋关节成功复位后，AD仍可能持续存在。对于持续性AD病例，需要进行骨盆截骨术。也可在开放复位髋关节的同时进行。对髋关节残余发育不良（RD）及其处理的评估仍是一个讨论非常活跃的领域。最近的研究开启了关于这个问题的讨论，并提出了AD的治疗方案。但仍有更多研究空间来辅助处理AD。
