孕早期孕妇对最佳营养与健康的知识及态度的患病率与预测因素
Prevalence and Predictors of Knowledge and Attitude on Optimal Nutrition and Health Among Pregnant Women in Their First Trimester of Pregnancy.
作者信息
Gebremichael Mitsiwat Abebe, Lema Tefera Belachew
机构信息
Public Health Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Population and Family Health Department, Human Nutrition Unit, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Int J Womens Health. 2023 Sep 4;15:1383-1395. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S415615. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
Evidence has demonstrated that knowledge and attitudes are indicators of nutrition and health modification among pregnant women. As a result, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of knowledge and attitudes about optimal nutrition and health among pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy.
METHODS
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted between April 1 and June 1, 2018 among 750 pregnant women and sampled using the multi-stage sampling technique in the Ambo district of the West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire, data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. First, descriptive statistics were used, then bivariate and, finally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of the predictors with the outcome variables.
RESULTS
Overall, 33.3% and 31.3% of pregnant women had good knowledge and favorable attitudes about optimal nutrition and health, respectively. Residence, the woman's and her husband's educational status, having > five household members, being in rich households, taking distance to reach a health institution, being multiparous, having information, and receiving counseling were significantly associated with pregnant women's knowledge on optimal nutrition and health. Also, a favorable association was found between a woman's attitude toward optimal nutrition and health and her and her husband's educational status, household wealth status, and the distance traveled to a health facility.
CONCLUSION
The nutrition and health knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women in the study area were suboptimal. Improving knowledge and attitude during the first trimester of pregnancy is essential for suggesting nutrition and health-related behavior in the succeeding periods of pregnancy, which predominantly determine the pregnancy's outcomes.
引言
有证据表明，知识和态度是孕妇营养与健康改善的指标。因此，本研究的目的是评估妊娠早期孕妇关于最佳营养与健康的知识和态度的患病率及预测因素。
方法
2018年4月1日至6月1日，在埃塞俄比亚西绍阿地区的安博县，采用多阶段抽样技术，对750名孕妇进行了基于社区的横断面研究设计。使用预先测试的半结构化问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS 23版进行分析。首先采用描述性统计，然后进行双变量分析，最后进行多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估预测因素与结果变量之间的关联。
结果
总体而言，分别有33.3%和31.3%的孕妇对最佳营养与健康有良好的知识和积极的态度。居住地、妇女及其丈夫的教育程度、家庭成员超过五人、属于富裕家庭、到医疗机构的距离、多胎妊娠、获取信息以及接受咨询与孕妇关于最佳营养与健康的知识显著相关。此外，妇女对最佳营养与健康的态度与她及其丈夫的教育程度、家庭财富状况以及到医疗机构的距离之间也存在良好的关联。
结论
研究地区孕妇的营养与健康知识及态度欠佳。在妊娠早期改善知识和态度对于在妊娠后续阶段建议营养与健康相关行为至关重要，而这些行为主要决定妊娠结局。
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