Institut de recherche population, développement et santé de la reproduction, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal.
Vice-rectorat à l'enseignement et à la recherche, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
Matern Child Nutr. 2024 Oct;20(4):e13692. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13692. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
Anaemia among pregnant women remains a public health concern globally. One major cause of this persistent problem is iron deficiency, which may be the result of limited iron intake in the diet. Using the extended version of the theory of planned behaviour (eTPB), this study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire assessing psychosocial and environmental factors that could influence the consumption of iron-rich foods (IRFs) among Senegalese pregnant women. A three-step procedure was used. Six focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with 10 pregnant women each from a different region to identify salient beliefs related to each of the four constructs of the eTPB using a structured guide. Information from FGDs was used to develop a questionnaire, which was administered to the first group (n = 200) of pregnant women. Principal component analyses and exploratory factorial analyses were performed on the first set of data to identify latent factors for each construct namely the attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control. A revised and shorter version of the questionnaire was administered to a second sample of pregnant women (n = 226) and confirmatory factorial analyses were conducted using this second set of data. Hancock and Muller's H reliability index was computed on the final model. The final questionnaire included 44 items. Most criteria for fit indices were met and H values were satisfactory. This study proposes a tool that could be used to explore determinants of the consumption of IRF among pregnant women. Further validation is still warranted in other contexts.
全球范围内，孕妇贫血仍然是一个公共卫生关注点。造成这一长期问题的一个主要原因是缺铁，这可能是由于饮食中铁摄入量有限。本研究使用计划行为理论的扩展版（eTPB），旨在开发和验证一份评估可能影响塞内加尔孕妇摄入富含铁食物（IRFs）的社会心理和环境因素的问卷。采用三步程序。在不同地区，每次与 10 名孕妇进行 6 次焦点小组讨论（FGD），使用结构化指南确定与 eTPB 的四个构念相关的显著信念。从 FGD 中获取的信息用于开发问卷，对第一组（n=200）孕妇进行问卷调查。对第一组数据进行主成分分析和探索性因子分析，以确定每个构念的潜在因素，即态度、主观规范和感知行为控制。修订后的问卷较短版本被用于第二个孕妇样本（n=226），并使用第二组数据进行验证性因子分析。汉考克和穆勒的 H 可靠性指数在最终模型中进行了计算。最终问卷包括 44 个项目。大多数拟合指标标准得到满足，H 值令人满意。本研究提出了一种可用于探索孕妇摄入富含铁食物的决定因素的工具。在其他情况下仍需要进一步验证。
