School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
School of Public Health Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Pan Afr Med J. 2023 Jun 22;45:99. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.99.39472. eCollection 2023.
diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. While there's increasing evidence that social support from caregivers improves health outcomes in chronic illness management, the potential associations of the different types of social support and glycemic control among Type II diabetes clients have largely been ignored in Kenya. This cross-sectional study sought to establish the association between tangible, emotional, and informational social support and glycemic levels among clients diagnosed with Type II diabetes in Machakos County, Kenya.
semi-structured interviews were conducted with 726 randomly selected Type II diabetes clients enrolled in diabetes care and treatment programs in government-owned public health facilities in Masinga and Matungulu sub-counties, Machakos, Kenya. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to elucidate any associations.
seventy-three percent (73%) of the respondents were female, and 27% were male, with the majority (77.9%) being above 50 years and having lived with diabetes for over 3 years (61.5%). Opportunities for social support existed, with 62% of the respondents living with more than 2 persons above 18 in their households. From the Random Blood Glucose test analysis, 38.9% of the clients had high glycemic levels, partly because the majority (66.9%) of the respondents did not practice good diabetes self-management practices at the time of the study. While all three types of social support were reported as provided, only 30.6% reported receiving adequate social support. An association was found between social support and glycemic levels with respondents receiving adequate informational- P<0.05, OR 1.92, emotional -P<0.05, OR 3.7, and tangible support -P<0.05, OR 4.1 more likely to have better glycemic control than those with inadequate support.
clients receiving adequate informational, emotional, and tangible social support were 2, 4, and 4 times, respectively, likely to have better glycemic control than those with inadequate support. Of the three types of social support, tangible support was most needed. Ultimately, a greater understanding of these interactions through longitudinal studies is required to identify solutions and optimize glycaemic control for diabetes clients in Kenya and beyond.
糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，当胰腺无法产生足够的胰岛素或身体无法有效利用所产生的胰岛素时，就会发生这种疾病。虽然越来越多的证据表明，来自护理人员的社会支持可以改善慢性病管理中的健康结果，但在肯尼亚，关于不同类型的社会支持与 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制之间的潜在关联，在很大程度上被忽视了。本横断面研究旨在确定在肯尼亚 Machakos 县接受 2 型糖尿病诊断的患者中，有形、情感和信息社会支持与血糖水平之间的关联。
对 726 名随机选择的 2 型糖尿病患者进行了半结构式访谈，这些患者参加了政府拥有的公共卫生设施中的糖尿病护理和治疗项目，位于肯尼亚的 Masinga 和 Matungulu 等郡。采用描述性统计和多项逻辑回归来阐明任何关联。
73%的受访者为女性，27%为男性，大多数（77.9%）年龄在 50 岁以上，患有糖尿病超过 3 年（61.5%）。存在获得社会支持的机会，62%的受访者与家中超过 2 名 18 岁以上的人共同生活。从随机血糖测试分析来看，38.9%的患者血糖水平较高，部分原因是大多数（66.9%）受访者在研究时没有进行良好的糖尿病自我管理。虽然三种类型的社会支持都被报告为提供，但只有 30.6%的受访者报告得到了足够的社会支持。研究发现社会支持与血糖水平之间存在关联，与那些支持不足的受访者相比，获得足够的信息支持的受访者 P<0.05，OR 1.92，获得足够的情感支持的受访者 P<0.05，OR 3.7，获得足够的有形支持的受访者 P<0.05，OR 4.1 更有可能更好地控制血糖。
与支持不足的患者相比，获得足够的信息、情感和有形社会支持的患者分别有 2、4 和 4 倍的可能性更好地控制血糖。在这三种类型的社会支持中，有形支持是最需要的。最终，需要通过纵向研究更深入地了解这些相互作用，以确定解决方案并优化肯尼亚及其他地区糖尿病患者的血糖控制。
