Kumar Gulshan, Kumar Yashwant, Kumar Gaurav, Tahlan Ajay K
National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre, Central Research Institute, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2023 Jul 20;18(6):1527-1535. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.07.003. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Uropathogenic (UPEC) is the most common causative agent of urinary tract infection, accounting for more than 80% of cases worldwide. This study presents data on prevalent serotypes, resistance profiles, and colonization-aiding virulence characteristics of UPEC from different geographical regions in India.
UPEC were serotyped through microtiter plate agglutination. Standard techniques were used to detect various virulence characteristics, i.e., biofilm formation (tissue culture plate method), siderophore production (screened on Chrome Azurol S agar and categorized with Csaky's and Arnow's methods), colicin release (agar overlay technique), gelatin hydrolysis (on gelatinase agar), and cell surface hydrophobicity (salt aggregation method). Antibiotic resistance profiles (against 20 antimicrobial agents) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) were evaluated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.
UPEC strains exhibited very high drug resistance rates to most of the commonly used antimicrobial agents; the highest resistance rates were observed for ampicillin (63.4%), nalidixic acid (63.4%), and cefotaxime (62.1%). High rates of multi-drug resistance (63.36%), ESBL-production (34.1%), and carbapenem-resistance (25.0%) were detected in UPEC strains from all geographical regions of India. Hydrophobicity (61.2%), biofilm production (62.5%), and siderophore production (67.7%) were the most common virulence characteristics of UPEC isolates. Co-expression of virulence characteristics was common (69.8%) in UPEC strains.
UPEC strains with very high antimicrobial-resistance are in circulation in India, and have diverse serotypes and virulence characteristics.
尿路致病性大肠杆菌（UPEC）是尿路感染最常见的病原体，在全球范围内超过80%的病例由其引起。本研究展示了来自印度不同地理区域的UPEC流行血清型、耐药谱以及有助于定植的毒力特征的数据。
通过微量滴定板凝集法对UPEC进行血清分型。采用标准技术检测各种毒力特征，即生物膜形成（组织培养板法）、铁载体产生（在铬天青S琼脂上筛选并用Csaky法和Arnow法分类）、大肠菌素释放（琼脂覆盖技术）、明胶水解（在明胶酶琼脂上）以及细胞表面疏水性（盐聚集法）。根据临床和实验室标准协会指南评估抗生素耐药谱（针对20种抗菌剂）和超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）。
UPEC菌株对大多数常用抗菌剂表现出非常高的耐药率；氨苄西林（63.4%）、萘啶酸（63.4%）和头孢噻肟（62.1%）的耐药率最高。在来自印度所有地理区域的UPEC菌株中检测到高比例的多重耐药（63.36%）、产ESBL（34.1%）和耐碳青霉烯类（25.0%）。疏水性（61.2%）、生物膜产生（62.5%）和铁载体产生（67.7%）是UPEC分离株最常见的毒力特征。毒力特征的共表达在UPEC菌株中很常见（69.8%）。
具有非常高抗菌耐药性的UPEC菌株在印度广泛传播，并且具有多样的血清型和毒力特征。
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