Department of Zoonoses and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2023 Nov;23(11):568-575. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2022.0075. Epub 2023 Sep 11.
Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) has become a mounting public health concern. The present study was conducted to address the role of diarrheic pet animals as potential reservoirs for major human ExPEC sequence types (STs). Rectal swabs were collected from 145 diarrheic pet animals (75 dogs and 70 cats). Samples were processed for isolation and identification of by culture methods. Afterward, ExPEC isolates were identified on a molecular basis through detection of ExPEC phylogroups (B2 and D) coupled with carriage of two or more of the virulence genes associated with ExPEC (, , , , , and II). ExPEC STs 131, 73, 69, and 95 were identified among ExPEC isolates by quadruplex PCR and tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Eventually, two isolates underwent gene sequencing for the phylogenetic analysis. Of 145 pet animals, 16 (11%) strains were identified as ExPEC, in which 15 (10.3%) isolates belonged to phylogroup B2 and 1 (0.69%) strain belonged to phylogroup D. The major human ExPEC STs were detected in 13 (9%) isolates, whereas the prevalence rates were 5.3% and 12.9% for dogs and cats, respectively. The isolation rates of ExPEC STs were 4.8%, 2.8%, 0.69%, and 0.69% for ST73, ST131, ST95, and ST69, respectively. Regarding the prevalence of virulence genes among ExPEC STs, the most prevalent ones were and (92.3%), followed by (76.9%), (53.8%), (30.8%), and II (30.8%). Moreover, 38.5% of the obtained human ExPEC STs were multidrug resistant. The phylogenetic analysis of two ExPEC ST73 gene sequences showed high genetic relatedness to those isolated from humans in different countries. The fecal carriage of major human ExPEC STs among diarrheic dogs and cats poses a potential zoonotic hazard with serious public health implications.
肠外致病性 （ExPEC）已成为日益严重的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在探讨腹泻宠物动物作为主要人类 ExPEC 序列型 （ST）潜在储存库的作用。从 145 只腹泻宠物动物（75 只狗和 70 只猫）中采集直肠拭子。通过培养方法对样本进行分离和鉴定。随后，通过检测 ExPEC 菌系 （B2 和 D）和携带两种或两种以上与 ExPEC 相关的毒力基因 （,,,,, 和 II），从分子基础上鉴定 ExPEC 分离株。通过四重 PCR 鉴定 ExPEC 分离株中的 ST131、73、69 和 95，并测试其抗菌药物敏感性。最终，对两种分离株进行基因测序进行系统发育分析。在 145 只宠物动物中，有 16 株 （11%）被鉴定为 ExPEC，其中 15 株 （10.3%）分离株属于菌系 B2，1 株 （0.69%）分离株属于菌系 D。在 13 株 （9%）分离株中检测到主要人类 ExPEC ST，而狗和猫的分离率分别为 5.3%和 12.9%。ExPEC ST 的分离率分别为 ST73、ST131、ST95 和 ST69 的 4.8%、2.8%、0.69%和 0.69%。关于 ExPEC ST 中毒力基因的流行率，最常见的是 和 （92.3%），其次是 （76.9%）、 （53.8%）、 （30.8%）和 II （30.8%）。此外，38.5%获得的人类 ExPEC ST 为多药耐药。两种 ExPEC ST73 基因序列的系统发育分析显示，与不同国家从人类分离的序列具有高度遗传相关性。腹泻犬和猫中主要人类 ExPEC ST 的粪便携带对人类构成潜在的人畜共患病危害，具有严重的公共卫生意义。
