Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
BMC Geriatr. 2023 Sep 11;23(1):548. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-04259-5.
One of the most common pathologic changes in older people is oral and dental problems. The oral health of older people is a public health concern. Promotion of good oral health for this cohort will have beneficial impacts on the longer-term quality of life. This study aimed to identify the types of health education interventions for the oral health of older people and to determine their effects on the oral and dental health of older people.
Potential articles were retrieved from four electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Embase) up to 31 September 2022 in English without limit of time. Experimental and quasi-experimental interventional studies investigating the impact of educational interventions on oral and dental health among older people over 60 years old in both sexes were considered. The quality assessment tool was the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP).
In the initial search, 1104 articles were retrieved. Finally, according to the inclusion criteria, 23 studies (seventeen randomized controlled trials (RCT) and six quasi-experimental studies) were reviewed. In this review, educational interventions for older people and their caregivers are classified. Theoretical frameworks were used in only three interventions related to older people. Outcome measures were both self-reported and objective measures. Fifteen of the included studies were of moderate quality.
This review provides evidence that the use of oral and dental health educational interventions was effective in improving the oral health of older people. Educational interventions were carried out both among older people and among their caregivers. Although a variety of interventions were used in the reviewed studies, more lectures were used in the interventions related to older people. In the interventions related to caregivers, in addition to lectures, practical education was also used. It is recommended to perform higher quality studies for assessing the effectiveness of interventions in this field.
老年人最常见的病理变化之一是口腔和牙齿问题。老年人的口腔健康是公共卫生关注的问题。促进这一年龄段的良好口腔健康将对其长期生活质量产生有益影响。本研究旨在确定针对老年人口腔健康的健康教育干预类型，并确定其对老年人口腔和牙齿健康的影响。
截至 2022 年 9 月 31 日，我们在英语环境下从四个电子数据库（PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Web of Sciences 和 Embase）中检索了潜在的文章，不限制时间。研究对象为年龄在 60 岁以上的男性和女性的实验性和准实验性干预研究，旨在调查教育干预对老年人口腔和牙齿健康的影响。质量评估工具是有效公共卫生实践项目（EPHPP）。
在最初的搜索中，共检索到 1104 篇文章。最后，根据纳入标准，共审查了 23 项研究（17 项随机对照试验（RCT）和 6 项准实验研究）。在本综述中，对老年人及其照顾者的教育干预进行了分类。只有与老年人相关的三个干预措施中使用了理论框架。结局指标包括自我报告和客观测量。15 项纳入研究的质量为中等。
本综述提供了证据表明，使用口腔和牙齿健康教育干预措施可以有效改善老年人的口腔健康。干预措施既在老年人中进行，也在他们的照顾者中进行。虽然在已审查的研究中使用了各种干预措施，但在与老年人相关的干预措施中更多地使用了讲座。在与照顾者相关的干预措施中，除了讲座外，还使用了实践教育。建议开展更高质量的研究，以评估该领域干预措施的有效性。
