Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Department of Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia, Spain.
J Sch Health. 2023 Dec;93(12):1091-1098. doi: 10.1111/josh.13392. Epub 2023 Sep 12.
Adolescents are more susceptible than originally thought to COVID-19, and they could play a significant role in community transmission. We aim to evaluate a health education program on students' declarative knowledge and risk awareness concerning COVID-19-related public health recommendations.
A quasi-experimental pre-post pilot study was conducted. A number of 487 students aged between 12 and 17 years old participated in an educational program. Following Socratic Method, preventive actions were simulated in order to encourage students to seek answers about the correct application of measures. The program covered 3 prevention areas: (1) practice hygienic handwashing; (2) instruction on the appropriate use of masks; and (3) promotion of physical distancing, and was implemented in class by 3 registered nurses.
Following the educational program, declarative knowledge regarding handwashing and mask use improved along with the students' total score. In the pre-test, students 16 years and older as well as female students obtained higher scores in declarative knowledge. Age-dependent differences between groups vanished in the post-test, but girls still achieved better scores.
This nurse-led health education program proved to be effective to enhance declarative knowledge about COVID-19-related public health recommendations.
青少年比最初认为的更容易感染 COVID-19，他们可能在社区传播中发挥重要作用。我们旨在评估一项关于学生对 COVID-19 相关公共卫生建议的陈述性知识和风险意识的健康教育计划。
进行了一项准实验性前后试点研究。共有 487 名年龄在 12 至 17 岁之间的学生参加了教育计划。在苏格拉底法的指导下，模拟了预防措施，以鼓励学生寻找关于正确应用措施的答案。该计划涵盖了 3 个预防领域：（1）实践卫生洗手；（2）指导正确使用口罩；（3）促进身体距离，并由 3 名注册护士在课堂上实施。
在教育计划之后，关于洗手和戴口罩的陈述性知识以及学生的总分都有所提高。在预测试中，16 岁及以上的学生和女生在陈述性知识方面得分更高。在测试后，年龄组之间的差异消失了，但女生的分数仍然更高。
由护士领导的健康教育计划被证明可以有效提高学生对 COVID-19 相关公共卫生建议的陈述性知识。
