Konieczny Mariusz, Skorupska Elżbieta, Domaszewski Przemysław, Pakosz Paweł, Skulska Marta, Herrero Pablo
Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, Opole, 45-068, Poland.
Department of Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Sep 12;15(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00719-y.
Short-track speed skating movement involves asymmetric overloading of the lower left side of the body. The gluteus maximus fatigue limits the physical and mental athletic capacity to perform set tasks. A possible link between the presence of latent trigger points (LTrPs) and muscle fatigue development/persistence has been posited. The aim of the study was to determine whether elite short-track speed skating can result in the impairment of the musculoskeletal system of the lower limbs.
Elite short-track athletes as the experimental group (EXP) = 9, 19.5 ± 1.8 years, and healthy subjects as the control group (CON) = 18, 20.8 ± 1.2 years, were tested for: (i) lower limb loading asymmetry using ground reaction force (GRF) measurements during quiet standing, (ii) gluteus maximus fatigue measured with surface electromyography (sEMG) during the Biering-Sorensen test, and (iii) LTrPs presence in the 14 examined muscles of the pelvic girdle and lower limbs.
There were between-group differences in the number of LTrPs, with the EXP group (left lower limb (LLL) n = 18, right lower limb (RLL) n = 9) showing more LTrPs compared to the CON group (LLL n = 2, RLL n = 1), (p < 0.001), and within-group differences in the EXP group only (p < 0.001). There were also significant differences in muscle fatigue for the left side (p < 0.001) both between the groups and within the EXP group (p ≤ 0.001). The vertical ground reaction force (GRF) measurement showed a loading rate of 2% (p = 0.013) in the athletes' LLL exclusively.
The study confirmed an increased prevalence of LTrPs, increased muscle fatigue and left-sided limb load asymmetry in elite short-track athletes.
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Poznan University of Medical Sciences (Resolution No 110/22 of 10 March 2022).
20/07/2022, Trial Id: ACTRN12622001016729.
短道速滑运动涉及身体左下肢的不对称过载。臀大肌疲劳会限制完成既定任务的身心运动能力。已有研究推测潜在触发点（LTrP）的存在与肌肉疲劳的发展/持续存在之间可能存在联系。本研究的目的是确定优秀短道速滑运动员是否会导致下肢肌肉骨骼系统受损。
将优秀短道速滑运动员作为实验组（EXP）=9名，年龄19.5±1.8岁，健康受试者作为对照组（CON）=18名，年龄20.8±1.2岁，进行以下测试：（i）在安静站立时使用地面反作用力（GRF）测量下肢负荷不对称性；（ii）在比林-索伦森试验期间使用表面肌电图（sEMG）测量臀大肌疲劳；（iii）检查骨盆带和下肢14块肌肉中LTrP的存在情况。
LTrP数量在组间存在差异，实验组（左下肢（LLL）n = 18，右下肢（RLL）n = 9）的LTrP数量比对照组（LLL n = 2，RLL n = 1）更多，（p < 0.001），且仅在实验组内存在组内差异（p < 0.001）。两组之间以及实验组内左侧肌肉疲劳也存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。垂直地面反作用力（GRF）测量显示仅在运动员的左下肢存在2%的负荷率（p = 0.013）。
该研究证实了优秀短道速滑运动员中LTrP患病率增加、肌肉疲劳增加以及左侧肢体负荷不对称。
本研究按照《赫尔辛基宣言》进行，并获得了波兹南医科大学伦理委员会的批准（2022年3月10日第110/22号决议）。
2022年7月20日，试验编号：ACTRN12622001016729。
