Microbiology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
Department of Internal and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq.
Open Vet J. 2023 Aug;13(8):1021-1026. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i8.8. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
is a typical pathogenic agent that causes several morbidities and mortalities which variable largely following the severity of bacteria and activity of host immunity.
Isolation of from different cattle infections, molecular detection of gene in positive isolates, and identification of the effectiveness of the phagocytic activity.
Totally, 100 cattle with various infections (25 wounds, 25 abscesses, 25 nasal discharges, and 25 ear swaps) were selected and subjected to collection of swabs under controlled conditions. All collected samples were cultured on mannitol salt agar (MSA) and assessed by biochemical tests. Targeting the gene, all study MSA positive isolates were examined molecularly by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test. Jugular venous blood was collected from all infected animals in addition to 20 healthy cattle that were selected as a control group to estimate the phagocytic activity of isolates.
The findings of MSA culture revealed a total of 80 positive samples of as 23, 21, 20, and 16 positive isolates for nasal discharge, abscess, wound, and ear swab, respectively; based on its morphology, cultural trait, and biochemical test. Subsequently, PCR assaying of MSA-positive isolates demonstrated an overall 59 positive samples as 14, 16, 12, and 17 positive isolates for nasal discharge, abscess, wound, and ear swabs, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of -positive PCR isolates reported a significantly high sensitivity to chloramphenicol and vancomycin, and a high resistance to penicillin. Finally, there was a considerable decline in phagocytic activity in particular 2 weeks post-infection as a result of bacterial invasion.
This study shows a high prevalence of in cattle infections, and the protocol includes a regular screening of cattle infection and suitable therapy based on antibacterial susceptibility test is of great importance in the long-term control of the pathogen. However, additional molecular studies targeting other genes of and the role of immune markers in different infections should be aimed.
是一种典型的病原体，可导致多种疾病和死亡，其严重程度和宿主免疫活性变化很大。
从不同牛感染中分离，分子检测阳性分离株中的基因，并鉴定吞噬活性的有效性。
总共选择了 100 头具有不同感染（25 个伤口，25 个脓肿，25 个鼻分泌物和 25 个耳拭子）的牛进行在受控条件下采集拭子。所有采集的样本均在甘露醇盐琼脂（MSA）上培养，并通过生化试验进行评估。针对基因，所有研究 MSA 阳性分离株均通过常规聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分子检查，然后进行抗生素敏感性测试。从所有受感染动物采集颈静脉血，以及 20 头健康牛作为对照组，以估计分离株的吞噬活性。
MSA 培养的结果显示，鼻分泌物、脓肿、伤口和耳拭子的总共有 80 个阳性样本为 ，分别为 23、21、20 和 16 个阳性分离株;基于其形态、培养特性和生化试验。随后，对 MSA 阳性分离株进行 PCR 检测，结果显示鼻分泌物、脓肿、伤口和耳拭子的总共有 59 个阳性样本为 ，分别为 14、16、12 和 17 个阳性分离株。对阳性 PCR 分离株的抗生素敏感性测试报告氯霉素和万古霉素具有显著的高敏感性，对青霉素具有高耐药性。最后，由于细菌入侵，感染后特别是 2 周时吞噬活性显著下降。
本研究表明在牛感染中存在高流行率，该方案包括定期筛查牛感染，并根据抗菌敏感性测试进行适当的治疗，对长期控制病原体非常重要。然而，应该针对其他基因和不同感染中的免疫标志物进行其他分子研究。
