Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
PeerJ. 2023 Sep 8;11:e15562. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15562. eCollection 2023.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used for treating certain acute infections. However, these drugs cause ototoxicity by inducing inner ear hair cell death.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the protective effect of a nanoemulsion of the carotenoid astaxanthin on mammalian inner ear hair cells against neomycin-induced ototoxicity.
Dose-response relationship, quantification of hair cell loss, and reactive oxygen species production were assayed in response to neomycin with and without astaxanthin in cultured utricles of CBA/N mice. In addition, auditory brain response (ABR) and hair cell loss after exposure to the nanoformulation and loud noise were examined in vivo in guinea pigs.
Astaxanthin suppressed neomycin-induced reduction of hair cells by reducing the production of hydroxy radicals. Furthermore, hair cell loss in the second rotation of the cochlea was significantly lower in the astaxanthin group than in the noise-only group.
The blood-labyrinth barrier limits the successful delivery of drugs for inner ear complications. However, in the nanoemulsion form, astaxanthin can penetrate the round window (fenestra ovale) membrane, enabling topical administration. Thus, astaxanthin nanoemulsion could be useful in treating ototoxicity in individuals with inner ear complications.
氨基糖苷类抗生素用于治疗某些急性感染。然而，这些药物通过诱导内耳毛细胞死亡而引起耳毒性。
我们研究了类胡萝卜素虾青素纳米乳液对内耳毛细胞对抗新霉素耳毒性的保护作用。
在 CBA/N 小鼠的培养耳囊中，检测新霉素和虾青素存在时对内耳毛细胞丧失和活性氧产生的剂量反应关系、毛细胞丧失的定量。此外，在豚鼠体内检测纳米制剂和强噪声暴露后的听觉脑反应（ABR）和毛细胞丧失。
虾青素通过减少羟基自由基的产生抑制了新霉素诱导的毛细胞减少。此外，虾青素组的第二转耳蜗毛细胞丧失明显低于噪声组。
血迷路屏障限制了用于内耳并发症的药物的成功递送。然而，在纳米乳液形式中，虾青素可以穿透圆窗（卵圆窗）膜，实现局部给药。因此，虾青素纳米乳液可用于治疗内耳并发症患者的耳毒性。
