Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, 1093, Budapest, Hungary.
Semmelweis University Doctoral School, Budapest, Hungary.
Qual Life Res. 2024 Jan;33(1):87-99. doi: 10.1007/s11136-023-03514-x. Epub 2023 Sep 14.
15D is a generic preference-accompanied health status measure covering a wide range of health areas, including sensory functions. The aim of this study was to establish population norms for the 15D instrument in Hungary.
2000 members of the Hungarian adult general population participated in an online cross-sectional survey in August 2021. The sample was broadly representative in terms of gender, age groups, highest level of education, geographical region, and settlement type. Index values were derived using the Norwegian 15D value set. In addition to providing population norms, mean index values were computed for 32 physical and 24 mental health condition groups.
Most respondents (78.7%) reported problems in at least one 15D domain. The most problems were reported with sleeping (50.7%), followed by vitality (49.2%), distress (43.6%), discomfort and symptoms (31.2%), depression (31.1%), sexual activities (29.6%), breathing (28.1%), and vision (27.8%). The mean 15D index value was 0.810. With advancing age categories, the 15D index values showed an inverse U-shaped curve. Generally, mean index values in respondents with mental health conditions were lower [range 0.299 (post-traumatic stress disorder) to 0.757 (smoking addiction)] than those of respondents with physical conditions [range 0.557 (liver cirrhosis) to 0.764 (allergies)].
This study provided 15D population norms of the Hungarian general population; furthermore, this is the first study to provide population norms for the 15D in any country. The values established in this study can serve as benchmarks for evaluating efficacy outcomes in clinical trials, quantifying disease burden and identifying unmet needs.
15D 是一种通用的伴随偏好的健康状况衡量标准，涵盖广泛的健康领域，包括感官功能。本研究的目的是为匈牙利的 15D 工具建立人口规范。
2021 年 8 月，2000 名匈牙利成年普通人群参加了一项在线横断面调查。该样本在性别、年龄组、最高教育水平、地理区域和定居类型方面具有广泛的代表性。指数值是使用挪威 15D 值集得出的。除了提供人口规范外，还为 32 个身体和 24 个心理健康状况组计算了平均指数值。
大多数受访者（78.7%）报告在至少一个 15D 领域存在问题。报告最多问题的是睡眠（50.7%），其次是活力（49.2%）、痛苦（43.6%）、不适和症状（31.2%）、抑郁（31.1%）、性活动（29.6%）、呼吸（28.1%）和视力（27.8%）。平均 15D 指数值为 0.810。随着年龄类别增加，15D 指数值呈反 U 形曲线。一般来说，心理健康状况受访者的平均指数值较低[范围为 0.299（创伤后应激障碍）至 0.757（吸烟成瘾）]，而身体状况受访者的平均指数值较高[范围为 0.557（肝硬化）至 0.764（过敏）]。
本研究提供了匈牙利普通人群的 15D 人口规范；此外，这是首次在任何国家提供 15D 人口规范的研究。本研究中建立的这些值可以作为临床试验疗效结果的基准，量化疾病负担和识别未满足的需求。
