Li Puying, Hu Yajie, He Wenya, Lu Bing, Wang Haiyan, Cheng Huhu, Qu Liangti
Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.
Nat Commun. 2023 Sep 14;14(1):5702. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41371-x.
Constant water circulation between land, ocean and atmosphere contains great and sustainable energy, which has been successfully employed to generate electricity by the burgeoning water-enabled electric generator. However, water in various forms (e.g. liquid, moisture) is inevitably discharged after one-time use in current single-stage water-enabled electric generators, resulting in the huge waste of inherent energy within water circulation. Herein, a multistage coupling water-enabled electric generator is proposed, which utilizes the internal liquid flow and subsequently generated moisture to produce electricity synchronously, achieving a maximum output power density of 92 mW m (11 W m). Furthermore, a distributary design for internal water in different forms enables the integration of water-flow-enabled and moisture-diffusion-enabled electricity generation layers into mc-WEG by a "flexible building blocks" strategy. Through a three-stage adjustment process encompassing size control, space optimization, and large-scale integration, the multistage coupling water-enabled electric generator realizes the customized electricity output for diverse electronics. Twenty-two units connected in series can deliver ~10 V and ~280 μA, which can directly lighten a table lamp for 30 min without aforehand capacitor charging. In addition, multistage coupling water-enabled electric generators exhibit excellent flexibility and environmental adaptability, providing a way for the development of water-enabled electric generators.
陆地、海洋和大气之间持续的水循环蕴含着巨大且可持续的能量，新兴的水能发电机已成功利用这种能量来发电。然而，在当前的单级水能发电机中，各种形式的水（如液体、水汽）在一次性使用后不可避免地被排放，导致水循环中固有能量的巨大浪费。在此，我们提出了一种多级耦合水能发电机，它利用内部液体流动以及随后产生的水汽来同步发电，实现了约92毫瓦每平方米（约11瓦每平方米）的最大输出功率密度。此外，针对不同形式内部水的分流设计，通过“灵活积木”策略，能够将水流发电层和水汽扩散发电层集成到多级耦合水能发电机中。通过包括尺寸控制、空间优化和大规模集成的三阶段调整过程，多级耦合水能发电机实现了为各种电子设备定制电力输出。22个单元串联可提供约10伏和约280微安的电流，无需预先对电容器充电即可直接点亮一盏台灯30分钟。此外，多级耦合水能发电机具有出色的灵活性和环境适应性，为水能发电机的发展提供了一条途径。
