Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
ACS Nano. 2024 May 14;18(19):12096-12104. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08543. Epub 2024 Apr 30.
Direct harvesting of energy from moist air will be a promising route to supply electricity for booming wearable and distributed electronics, with the recent rapid development of the moisture-enabled electricity generator (MEG). However, the easy spatial distortion of rigid MEG materials under severe deformation extremely inconveniences the human body with intense physical activity, seriously hindering the desirable applications. Here, an intrinsically stretchable moisture-enabled electricity generator (s-MEG) is developed based on a well-fabricated stretchable functional ionic gel (SIG) with a flexible double-network structure and reversible cross-linking interactions, demonstrating stable electricity output performance even when stretched up to 150% strain and high human body conformality. This SIG exhibits ultrahigh tensile strain (∼600%), and a 1 cm × 1 cm SIG film-based s-MEG can generate a voltage of ∼0.4 V and a current of ∼5.7 μA when absorbing water from humidity air. Based on the strong adhesion and the excellent interface combination of SIG and rough fabric electrodes induced by the fabrication process, s-MEG is able to realize bending or twisting deformation and shows outstanding electricity output stability with ∼90% performance retention after 5000 cycles of bending tests. By connecting s-MEG units in series or parallel, an integrated device of "moisture-powered wristband" is developed to wear on the wrist of humans and drive a flexible sensor for tracking finger motions. Additionally, a comfortable "moisture-powered sheath" based on s-MEGs is created, which can be worn like clothing on human arms to generate energy while walking and flexing the elbow, which is promising in the field of wearable electronics.
直接从潮湿空气中采集能量将成为为蓬勃发展的可穿戴式和分布式电子设备供电的有前途的途径,最近湿气发电(MEG)的快速发展就是证明。然而,刚性 MEG 材料在剧烈变形下容易发生空间变形,这给进行剧烈身体活动的人体带来了极大不便,严重阻碍了其理想应用。在此,基于精心制备的具有灵活双网络结构和可逆交联相互作用的可拉伸功能离子凝胶(SIG),开发了一种内在可拉伸的湿气发电(s-MEG)。即使在拉伸至 150%应变和高度人体顺应性的情况下,它仍能展示出稳定的发电性能。这种 SIG 具有超高的拉伸应变(~600%),当从湿度空气中吸收水分时,1 cm×1 cm 的 SIG 膜基 s-MEG 可以产生约 0.4 V 的电压和约 5.7 μA 的电流。基于 SIG 和粗糙织物电极之间制造工艺引起的强粘附力和优异的界面组合,s-MEG 能够实现弯曲或扭曲变形,在经过 5000 次弯曲测试后,其性能保持率约为 90%,表现出出色的发电输出稳定性。通过将 s-MEG 单元串联或并联连接,可以开发出集成的“湿气驱动腕带”设备,戴在人手腕上并驱动用于跟踪手指运动的柔性传感器。此外,还创建了一个基于 s-MEG 的舒适“湿气驱动护套”,它可以像服装一样穿在人手臂上,在行走和弯曲肘部时产生能量,这在可穿戴电子领域具有广阔的应用前景。