Aldol Condensation for the Construction of Organic Functional Materials.

Aldol condensation is a cost-effective and sustainable synthetic method, offering the advantages of low complexity, substrate universality, and high efficiency. Over the past decade, it has become popular for creating next-generation organic functional materials, particularly rigid-rod conjugated (semi)conductors. This review focuses on conjugated small molecules, oligomers, and polymeric (semi)conductors synthesized through aldol condensation, with emphasis on their remarkable features in advancing n-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) as well as NIR-II photothermal conversion. Coherence character, optical properties, microstructure, and chain conformation are investigated to understand material-property relationships. Future applications and challenges in this area are also discussed.