Totti Valentina, Di Michele Rocco, Roi Giulio Sergio, Bartolomei Sandro, Mosconi Giovanni, Sella Gianluigi, Nanni Costa Alessandro, Sangiorgi Gabriela, Trerotola Manuela, Bellis Lia, Merni Franco, Cardillo Massimo
Centro Nazionale Trapianti, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2023 Jul-Sep;59(3):213-218. doi: 10.4415/ANN_23_03_07.
After transplantation, engaging in regular physical activity (PA) or sport is recommended for health. Participation to competitive sports is increasingly common among kidney transplant recipients while little is known on how training affects the physical performance in transplanted athletes.
The purpose of this case study was to assess the effects of a tailored training program on exercise parameters in kidney transplant cyclists (CKTRs) and runners (RKTRs).
Twelve male transplanted athletes were enrolled. The workload at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, the submaximal aerobic power (V'O2 stage) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during an incremental cycling or running test, and the peak instantaneous force (PIF) during a countermovement jump were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 6 months of tailored training (T6) consisting in strength and aerobic exercises. Exercise adherence, blood lipid profile and renal function were also investigated.
Eight CKTRs and 4 RKTRs completed the 6-month training period, with a significant increase of training volume (minutes/week). The exercise adherence was met by 90% in both groups. At T6, there were significant (p<0.05) improvements of maximum workload attained, the workload corresponding to the aerobic threshold and PIF, while workloads at anaerobic threshold, V'O2 stage and RPE were unchanged. Blood cholesterol significantly decreased (p<0.01), while the other blood parameters were unchanged.
These findings indicate that the combined strength and endurance training is well tolerated and may improve exercise performance in this selected population of KTRs.
移植后，建议进行定期体育活动（PA）或运动以促进健康。肾移植受者参与竞技运动的情况越来越普遍，但对于训练如何影响移植运动员的身体表现却知之甚少。
本案例研究的目的是评估量身定制的训练计划对肾移植自行车运动员（CKTRs）和跑步运动员（RKTRs）运动参数的影响。
招募了12名男性移植运动员。在基线（T0）和为期6个月的包括力量和有氧运动的量身定制训练（T6）后，评估递增式自行车或跑步测试中的有氧和无氧阈值工作量、次最大有氧功率（V'O2阶段）和主观用力程度（RPE），以及反向运动跳跃中的峰值瞬时力（PIF）。还调查了运动依从性、血脂谱和肾功能。
8名CKTRs和4名RKTRs完成了为期6个月的训练期，训练量（分钟/周）显著增加。两组的运动依从率均达到90%。在T6时，达到的最大工作量、与有氧阈值对应的工作量和PIF有显著（p<0.05）改善，而无氧阈值、V'O2阶段和RPE的工作量没有变化。血胆固醇显著降低（p<0.01），而其他血液参数没有变化。
这些发现表明，力量和耐力相结合的训练耐受性良好，可能会改善这一特定肾移植受者群体的运动表现。
