Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2023 Dec;44(23):e2300496. doi: 10.1002/marc.202300496. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
As a monumental breakthrough in cancer treatment, immunotherapy has attracted tremendous attention in recent years. However, one challenge faced by immunotherapy is the low response rate and the immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Therefore, it is important to explore new therapeutic strategies and platforms for boosting therapeutic benefits and decreasing the side effects of immunotherapy. In recent years, semiconducting polymer (SP), a category of organic materials with π-conjugated aromatic backbone, has been attracting considerable attention because of their outstanding characteristics such as excellent photophysical features, good biosafety, adjustable chemical flexibility, easy fabrication, and high stability. With these distinct advantages, SP is extensively explored for bioimaging and photo- or ultrasound-activated tumor therapy. Here, the recent advancements in SP-based nanomedicines are summarized for enhanced tumor immunotherapy. According to the photophysical properties of SPs, the cancer immunotherapies enabled by SPs with the photothermal, photodynamic, or sonodynamic functions are highlighted in detail, with a particular focus on the construction of combination immunotherapy and activatable nanoplatforms to maximize the benefits of cancer immunotherapy. Herein, new guidance and comprehensive insights are provided for the design of SPs with desired photophysical properties to realize maximized effectiveness of required biomedical applications.
作为癌症治疗的重大突破，免疫疗法近年来受到了极大的关注。然而，免疫疗法面临的一个挑战是低反应率和免疫相关的不良反应（irAEs）。因此，探索新的治疗策略和平台来提高治疗效果并降低免疫疗法的副作用非常重要。近年来，半导体聚合物（SP）作为一类具有π共轭芳香主链的有机材料，因其具有出色的光物理特性、良好的生物安全性、可调的化学灵活性、易于制造和高稳定性等独特优势而受到广泛关注。SP 被广泛探索用于生物成像和光或超声激活的肿瘤治疗。在这里，总结了基于 SP 的纳米药物在增强肿瘤免疫治疗方面的最新进展。根据 SPs 的光物理特性，详细介绍了具有光热、光动力或声动力功能的 SPs 所实现的癌症免疫疗法，特别关注构建联合免疫疗法和激活型纳米平台，以最大限度地提高癌症免疫疗法的效果。本文为设计具有所需光物理特性的 SP 提供了新的指导和全面的见解，以实现所需生物医学应用的最大效果。
