Merchen N R, Berger L L, Fahey G C
J Anim Sci. 1986 Oct;63(4):1026-35. doi: 10.2527/jas1986.6341026x.
Two lamb digestion and three steer growth experiments were conducted to study the feeding value of alfalfa harvested as direct-cut silage (DCS) with grain added prior to ensiling or as low-moisture silage (LMS) or hay with grain added at feeding. In all experiments, alfalfa-grain mixtures contained approximately 50% alfalfa and 50% concentrate (dry matter [DM] basis). In Exp. 1, lambs fed DCS alone consumed less DM than lambs fed LMS or hay alone or any of the alfalfa-grain mixtures. Apparent digestibilities of DM and fiber components were higher (P less than .05) for DCS than for LMS or hay. Lambs that were fed LMS digested more (P less than .05) DM and fiber components than lambs fed hay. Addition of grain resulted in increased (P less than .05) DM digestibility and decreased (P less than .05) digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. In Exp. 2, growing steers (271 kg) fed DCS-grain had increased (P less than .05) weight gains compared with steers fed hay-grain. Steers fed any of the alfalfa-grain mixtures gained weight more rapidly (P less than .05) than steers fed corn silage (CS)-based diets. In a third experiment, finishing steers (283 kg) fed DCS-grain, LMS-grain, hay-grain or CS-based diets performed similarly (P greater than .05), although steers fed DCS-grain had higher (P less than .05) dressing percentages and yield grades than steers that were fed the other three diets and were fatter (P less than .05) than those fed LMS-grain or CS. In Exp. 4, lambs fed DCS-grain or LMS-grain had higher (P less than .05) apparent DM and organic matter digestibilities than lambs fed CS-based diets with similar forage:grain proportions. In Exp. 5, finishing steers (326 kg) fed DCS-grain gained similarly (P greater than .05) to steers fed LMS-grain or an 85% concentrate diet based on high-moisture corn. Steers fed CS diets had lower (P less than .05) gains and increased (P less than .05) feed per gain compared with steers fed DCS-grain, LMS-grain or high-moisture corn.
进行了两项羔羊消化试验和三项肉牛生长试验，以研究直接切割青贮（DCS）苜蓿（青贮前添加谷物）、低水分青贮（LMS）苜蓿或干草（饲喂时添加谷物）的饲喂价值。在所有试验中，苜蓿-谷物混合物中苜蓿和精料各占约50%（基于干物质[DM]）。在试验1中，单独饲喂DCS的羔羊比单独饲喂LMS或干草的羔羊以及任何苜蓿-谷物混合物的羔羊消耗的干物质更少。DCS的干物质和纤维成分的表观消化率高于LMS或干草（P<0.05）。饲喂LMS的羔羊比饲喂干草的羔羊消化更多（P<0.05）的干物质和纤维成分。添加谷物使干物质消化率提高（P<0.05），中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的消化率降低（P<0.05）。在试验2中，与饲喂干草-谷物的肉牛相比，饲喂DCS-谷物的生长肉牛（271千克）体重增加（P<0.05）。饲喂任何苜蓿-谷物混合物的肉牛比饲喂玉米青贮（CS）型日粮的肉牛增重更快（P<0.05）。在第三个试验中，饲喂DCS-谷物、LMS-谷物、干草-谷物或CS型日粮的育肥牛（283千克）表现相似（P>0.05），不过饲喂DCS-谷物的肉牛的屠宰率和产肉等级高于饲喂其他三种日粮的肉牛，且比饲喂LMS-谷物或CS的肉牛更肥（P<0.05）。在试验4中，饲喂DCS-谷物或LMS-谷物的羔羊比饲喂具有相似草料：谷物比例的CS型日粮的羔羊具有更高（P<0.05）的表观干物质和有机物消化率。在试验5中，饲喂DCS-谷物的育肥牛（326千克）与饲喂LMS-谷物或基于高水分玉米的85%精料日粮的肉牛增重相似（P>0.05）。与饲喂DCS-谷物、LMS-谷物或高水分玉米的肉牛相比，饲喂CS日粮的肉牛增重更低（P<0.05），且每增重单位的饲料消耗增加（P<0.05）。
