Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen.
J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2023 Sep 18;35(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s43046-023-00191-2.
Small cell osteosarcoma is an extremely rare histopathological variant of conventional osteosarcoma. Due to nonspecific symptoms, most osteosarcomas of the jaws are misdiagnosed as periapical abscesses and mistreated by teeth extraction and drainage.
We report, to our knowledge, the seventh case of small cell osteosarcoma in gnathic sites affecting the mandible of an old female with history of a large painful swelling related to the right mandibular molar area for 2 months. Cone-beam computed tomography scan showed an osteolytic lesion related to the lower molar area with involvement of the inferior alveolar nerve. An incisional biopsy was taken, and after histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining, a diagnosis of small cell osteosarcoma was reached. Hemi-mandibulectomy was performed by a maxillofacial surgeon. No clinical evidence for recurrence was noted until manuscript writing.
Accurate diagnosis is very important, and general practitioners should be aware of this entity considering that small cell osteosarcoma has a poor prognosis when compared to conventional osteosarcoma.
小细胞骨肉瘤是一种极为罕见的常规骨肉瘤组织病理学变体。由于症状不具特异性，大多数发生在颌骨的骨肉瘤被误诊为根尖脓肿，并通过拔牙和引流进行错误治疗。
我们报告了第七例发生在颌骨部位的小细胞骨肉瘤，该例患者为老年女性，有右侧下颌磨牙区疼痛性肿胀 2 个月的病史。锥形束 CT 扫描显示与下颌磨牙区相关的溶骨性病变，累及下牙槽神经。进行了切开活检，经过组织病理学检查和免疫组织化学染色，诊断为小细胞骨肉瘤。颌面外科医生进行了半下颌切除术。直至撰写本文时，均未发现临床复发证据。
准确的诊断非常重要，鉴于与常规骨肉瘤相比，小细胞骨肉瘤预后较差，全科医生应该了解这种疾病。
