da Silva Tayná Souza Gomes, de Santana Ilan Hudson Gomes, Martins Helder Domiciano Dantas, de Melo Raabe Carine Ferreira, Bonan Paulo Rogério Ferreti
Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (CCS/UFPB), Castelo Branco, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2025 Jan 7;151(1):32. doi: 10.1007/s00432-024-06079-5.
Small cell osteosarcoma (SCOS) is a rare variant of conventional osteosarcoma, characterized by tumor cells of small size and uniform morphology, which can lead to diagnostic confusion with other small cell tumors, requiring a detailed diagnostic approach. The manifestation in a child adds a degree of complexity, as the management of malignant tumours in paediatric patients requires specific considerations to minimize the long-term side effects of oncological treatment and preserve the structural and functional development of the orofacial region. This report concerns an 8-year-old female patient referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery outpatient clinic with progressive swelling in the right maxillofacial region, initially asymptomatic, but progressing to pain and difficulty chewing. A cone beam computed tomography scan was requested and an incisional biopsy was carried out for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, which confirmed the pathological entity. The lesion was then completely resected with a safety margin and the affected area removed to restore functionality and aesthetics. The surgical specimen was sent for further histopathological analysis, which confirmed the diagnosis of SCOS. Detailed immunohistochemical analysis was crucial to the diagnosis, and a comprehensive surgical approach was indicated given the aggressive behavior of the lesion. This report emphasizes the importance of an integrated multidisciplinary approach, combining oncology, pathology and oral and maxillofacial surgery.
小细胞骨肉瘤（SCOS）是传统骨肉瘤的一种罕见变体，其特征是肿瘤细胞体积小且形态均匀，这可能导致与其他小细胞肿瘤的诊断混淆，需要详细的诊断方法。儿童患者的表现增加了一定程度的复杂性，因为儿科患者恶性肿瘤的管理需要特殊考虑，以尽量减少肿瘤治疗的长期副作用，并保护颌面区域的结构和功能发育。本报告涉及一名8岁女性患者，她因右颌面区域进行性肿胀被转诊至口腔颌面外科门诊，最初无症状，但后来发展为疼痛和咀嚼困难。进行了锥形束计算机断层扫描，并进行了切开活检以进行组织病理学和免疫组织化学分析，结果证实了病理实体。然后将病变完整切除并保留安全切缘，切除受影响区域以恢复功能和美观。手术标本送去进行进一步的组织病理学分析，结果证实为小细胞骨肉瘤。详细的免疫组织化学分析对诊断至关重要，鉴于病变的侵袭性，需要采取全面的手术方法。本报告强调了综合多学科方法的重要性，该方法结合了肿瘤学、病理学和口腔颌面外科。
