Shegekar Tejas, Vodithala Sahitya, Juganavar Anup
Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 17;15(8):e43650. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43650. eCollection 2023 Aug.
A potential non-invasive technique for identifying and tracking cancer is a liquid biopsy. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the principles, applications, and challenges associated with liquid biopsies. The circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumour cells (CTCs), exosomes, and microRNAs are just a few of the biomarkers we cover in this article that are discovered in liquid biopsies. The clinical application of liquid biopsies in many stages of cancer management, including early cancer identification, therapy selection and response monitoring, and minimum residual illness, is also investigated. The technical advancements in liquid biopsy techniques, including digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS), have improved the sensitivity and specificity of biomarker identification. Liquid biopsies require assistance with cost-effectiveness, sensitivity, and standardisation despite the potential benefits. We talk about these restrictions and potential solutions. In conclusion, liquid biopsies revolutionise personalised therapies and cancer diagnostics by providing a real-time, non-invasive tool for characterising and monitoring tumours. It will be possible to expand the use of liquid biopsies in clinical practises by having a better understanding of their current state and predicted future developments.
一种用于识别和追踪癌症的潜在非侵入性技术是液体活检。这篇综述文章全面概述了与液体活检相关的原理、应用和挑战。循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）、循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）、外泌体和微小RNA只是我们在本文中涵盖的在液体活检中发现的一部分生物标志物。本文还研究了液体活检在癌症管理的多个阶段的临床应用，包括早期癌症识别、治疗选择和反应监测以及微小残留病。液体活检技术的技术进步，包括数字聚合酶链反应（dPCR）和下一代测序（NGS），提高了生物标志物识别的灵敏度和特异性。尽管液体活检有潜在益处，但仍需要在成本效益、灵敏度和标准化方面得到帮助。我们讨论了这些限制和潜在解决方案。总之，液体活检通过提供一种用于表征和监测肿瘤的实时、非侵入性工具，彻底改变了个性化治疗和癌症诊断。通过更好地了解其当前状态和预测的未来发展，将有可能扩大液体活检在临床实践中的应用。
