Kheradmand Motahareh, Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab, Shahhosseini Zohreh, Mirjalili Razie, Moosazadeh Mahmood
Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Professor, Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Sep 1;10:1241179. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1241179. eCollection 2023.
The association between age at menarche and higher-risk cardiometabolic factors is controversial and more strands of evidence are required. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of early menarche on cardiometabolic profile in a large-scale cohort population.
Data collected in the enrollment phase of the Tabari cohort study were utilized for the present study. We analyzed data from 6,103 women aged 35-70 years. Logistic regression and dose-response (trend) analyses were used to investigate the effect of early menarche on prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, high waist circumference (WC), high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and high waist-to-height ratio (WHtR).
The results of the adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that women who experienced early menarche had significantly higher odds of obesity (odds ratio: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.36-1.99, for trend <0.001), high WC (odds ratio: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07-1.67, for trend = 0.035), high WHR (odds ratio: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.05-1.66, for trend = 0.057), and high WHtR (odds ratio: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.22-2.74, for trend = 0.006) compared to those aged ≥14 at menarche. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was also higher among women who experienced early menarche than in women aged ≥14 at menarche (79.9% vs. 76.6%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( = 0.098). Additionally, each year of earlier menarche was significantly associated with an increase in the chance of diabetes (by 5%), obesity (10%), high WC (5%), and high WHtR (13%).
The present study showed that early menarche is a strong predictor for later development of obesity and diabetes, and for high WC, WHR, and WHtR. Among all factors examined, age at menarche had the greatest predictive power for WHtR. As an age-dependent anthropometric index for central obesity, WHtR is more suitable as an index for identification of individuals with increased cardiometabolic risk.
初潮年龄与高风险心脏代谢因素之间的关联存在争议，需要更多证据支持。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在调查初潮过早对大规模队列人群心脏代谢特征的影响。
本研究使用了塔巴里队列研究入组阶段收集的数据。我们分析了6103名年龄在35至70岁之间女性的数据。采用逻辑回归和剂量反应（趋势）分析来研究初潮过早对糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖、高腰围（WC）、高腰臀比（WHR）和高腰高比（WHtR）患病率的影响。
校正后的逻辑回归分析结果显示，与初潮年龄≥14岁的女性相比，初潮过早的女性肥胖几率显著更高（优势比：1.64，95%置信区间：1.36 - 1.99，趋势<0.001）、高腰围（优势比：1.34，95%置信区间：1.07 - 1.67，趋势 = 0.035）、高腰臀比（优势比：1.32，95%置信区间：1.05 - 1.66，趋势 = 0.057）和高腰高比（优势比：1.83，95%置信区间：1.22 - 2.74，趋势 = 0.006）。初潮过早的女性血脂异常患病率也高于初潮年龄≥14岁的女性（79.9%对76.6%），但差异无统计学意义（P = 0.098）。此外，初潮每提前一年，患糖尿病几率（增加5%）、肥胖几率（增加10%）、高腰围几率（增加5%）和高腰高比几率（增加13%）均显著增加。
本研究表明，初潮过早是肥胖和糖尿病后期发展以及高腰围、腰臀比和高腰高比的有力预测指标。在所有检测因素中，初潮年龄对高腰高比的预测能力最强。作为一种与年龄相关的中心性肥胖人体测量指标，高腰高比更适合作为识别心脏代谢风险增加个体的指标。
