García-Ayuso Diego, Di Pierdomenico Johnny, Martínez-Vacas Ana, Vidal-Sanz Manuel, Picaud Serge, Villegas-Pérez María P
Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental, Departamento de Oftalmología, Optometría, Otorrinolaringología y Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Murcia, España.
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.
Neural Regen Res. 2024 Mar;19(3):606-610. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.380820.
Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it is synthesized by most mammals. However, dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for the development, maintenance, and function of certain tissues. Taurine may be especially important for the retina. The concentration of taurine in the retina is higher than that in any other tissue in the body and taurine deficiency causes retinal oxidative stress, apoptosis, and degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells. Low plasma taurine levels may also underlie retinal degeneration in humans and therefore, taurine administration could exert retinal neuroprotective effects. Taurine has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, and calcium homeostasis-regulatory properties. This review summarizes the role of taurine in retinal health and disease, where it appears that taurine may be a promising nutraceutical.
牛磺酸被认为是一种非必需氨基酸，因为大多数哺乳动物都能合成它。然而，通过饮食摄入牛磺酸对于达到某些组织发育、维持和发挥功能所需的生理水平可能是必要的。牛磺酸对视网膜可能尤为重要。视网膜中牛磺酸的浓度高于身体其他任何组织，牛磺酸缺乏会导致视网膜氧化应激、细胞凋亡以及光感受器和视网膜神经节细胞的退化。低血浆牛磺酸水平也可能是人类视网膜退化的潜在原因，因此，补充牛磺酸可能会发挥视网膜神经保护作用。牛磺酸具有抗氧化、抗凋亡、免疫调节和钙稳态调节特性。本综述总结了牛磺酸在视网膜健康和疾病中的作用，牛磺酸似乎可能是一种很有前景的营养保健品。
