Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, 80-233, Poland.
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, 80-233, Poland.
Environ Res. 2023 Dec 1;238(Pt 1):117164. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117164. Epub 2023 Sep 16.
Arsenic (As) contamination poses a significant threat to human health, ecosystems, and agriculture, with levels ranging from 12 to 75% attributed to mine waste and stream sediments. This naturally element is abundant in Earth's crust and gets released into the environment through mining and rock processing, causing ≈363 million people to depend on As-contaminated groundwater. To combat this issue, introducing a sustainable hydrochar system has achieved a remarkable removal efficiency of over 92% for arsenic through adsorption. This comprehensive review presents an overview of As contamination in the environment, with a specific focus on its impact on drinking water and wastewater. It delves into the far-reaching effects of As on human health, ecosystems, aquatic systems, and agriculture, while also exploring the effectiveness of existing As treatment systems. Additionally, the study examines the potential of hydrochar as an efficient adsorbent for As removal from water/wastewater, along with other relevant adsorbents and biomass-based preparations of hydrochar. Notably, the fusion of hydrochar with nanoparticle-centric approaches presents a highly promising and environmentally friendly solution for achieving the removal of As from wastewater, exceeding >99% efficiency. This innovative approach holds immense potential for advancing the realms of green chemistry and environmental restoration. Various challenges associated with As contamination and treatment are highlighted, and proposed solutions are discussed. The review emphasizes the urgent need to advance treatment technologies, improve monitoring methods, and enhance regulatory frameworks. Looking outlook, the article underscores the importance of fostering research efforts, raising public awareness, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to address this critical environmental issue. Such efforts are vital for UN Sustainable Development Goals, especially clean water and sanitation (Goal 6) and climate action (Goal 13), crucial for global sustainability.
砷（As）污染对人类健康、生态系统和农业构成了重大威胁，其中 12%至 75%的污染归因于矿山废物和溪流沉积物。这种天然元素在地壳中含量丰富，通过采矿和岩石加工释放到环境中，导致约 3.63 亿人依赖含砷的地下水。为了解决这个问题，引入可持续的水热炭系统通过吸附实现了超过 92%的砷去除效率。本综述全面介绍了环境中砷污染的情况，特别关注其对饮用水和废水的影响。它深入探讨了砷对人类健康、生态系统、水生系统和农业的深远影响，同时还探讨了现有的砷处理系统的有效性。此外，该研究还考察了水热炭作为一种从水/废水中去除砷的有效吸附剂的潜力，以及其他相关吸附剂和基于生物质的水热炭制备。值得注意的是，水热炭与纳米颗粒为中心的方法融合为从废水中去除砷提供了一种极具前景和环保的解决方案，其去除效率超过 99%。这种创新方法为推进绿色化学和环境修复领域提供了巨大潜力。文中还强调了各种与砷污染和处理相关的挑战，并讨论了提出的解决方案。该综述强调了迫切需要推进处理技术、改进监测方法和加强监管框架。展望未来，文章强调了加强研究努力、提高公众意识和促进跨学科合作以解决这一关键环境问题的重要性。这些努力对于联合国可持续发展目标，特别是清洁水和卫生设施（目标 6）和气候行动（目标 13）至关重要，对全球可持续性具有重要意义。
