Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2024 Nov;52(7):884-892. doi: 10.1177/14034948231199534. Epub 2023 Sep 18.
Among international immigrants, health changes by duration of residence are commonly interpreted as an expression of acculturation to the receiving country context. This study compares changes in immigrants' health risk behaviors by duration of residence to changes by acculturation levels, in order to assess whether duration of residence can be regarded as a proxy for acculturation.
Using data from a previous systematic review, we identified 17 quantitative studies examining changes in alcohol, tobacco and drug use, physical inactivity, and diet by both duration of residence and acculturation level in the same population. We compared the directionality and consistency of these associations through tabulation and vote counting.
The majority of studies reported no or inconsistent changes in health risk behaviors by duration of residence versus by acculturation, including with opposite directionality. Four studies reported significant estimates with consistent directionality, while five reported consistent, non-significant estimates.
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在国际移民中，居住时间长短引起的健康变化通常被解释为对接收国环境的文化适应的表现。本研究通过比较移民健康风险行为随居住时间的变化与随文化适应程度的变化，来评估居住时间是否可以作为文化适应的替代指标。
利用之前系统评价的数据，我们确定了 17 项定量研究，这些研究在同一人群中同时考察了居住时间和文化适应程度对酒精、烟草和药物使用、身体活动不足以及饮食的影响。我们通过制表和投票计数来比较这些关联的方向性和一致性。
大多数研究报告称，健康风险行为随居住时间的变化与随文化适应程度的变化不一致，甚至出现相反的方向。四项研究报告了具有一致方向性的显著估计值，而五项研究报告了一致但无统计学意义的估计值。
居住时间不能作为文化适应的替代指标来解释国际移民健康风险行为的变化。
