Kroenke Candyce H, Aoki Rhonda, Kushi Lawrence H, Torres Jacqueline M, Morey Brittany N, Gomez Scarlett, Caan Bette, Canchola Alison J, Alexeeff Stacey
Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Pleasanton, CA, United States; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, United States.
Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Pleasanton, CA, United States.
J Nutr. 2025 Jun 30. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.014.
Diet, critical to breast cancer (BC) survivorship, may change with immigration.
We examined associations between immigration factors and diet in a large, diverse population of BC survivors.
The Exploring Networks in a Cohort of Latina and Asian Emigrants, lifestyle, and Vital status (ENCLAVE) study included harmonized, pooled data from 4882 Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women from 3 Northern California cohorts of women diagnosed from 1996 to 2013 with invasive BC and who provided data on immigrant status and diet. We conducted principal components analysis of data from food frequency questionnaires, which produced "prudent" and "Western" dietary patterns. Outcomes were tertiles characterizing the most healthful (i.e., highest prudent, lowest Western) patterns. Secondary outcomes included high intakes of fruits and vegetables (F&V) and soy and low intakes of red meat, high-fat dairy, and sweets. We fit log-binomial regression models to examine self-reported nativity and immigration-related variables (language preference, age at immigration, years in the United States, and second-generation status) and relative prevalence of dietary outcomes, overall and by race and ethnicity.
The correlation between the prudent and Western patterns was r = -0.08, P < 0.001. Foreign-born women consumed higher prudent (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.67) and lower Western (PR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.37, 1.67) diets, as well as higher F&V, and lower butter and red meat intake, compared with United States-born women. Associations were similar by race and ethnicity, although we noted dietary heterogeneity for certain foods and by other immigration-related variables.
Foreign-born Asian, Hispanic, and NHW women with BC have healthier dietary patterns than United States-born women, overall and within same-race groups.
饮食对乳腺癌幸存者至关重要，且可能随移民而改变。
我们在一大群多样化的乳腺癌幸存者中研究了移民因素与饮食之间的关联。
拉丁裔和亚洲移民、生活方式与生命状况队列中的网络探索（ENCLAVE）研究纳入了来自北加利福尼亚州3个队列的4882名亚洲、西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人（NHW）女性的统一汇总数据，这些女性在1996年至2013年期间被诊断为浸润性乳腺癌，并提供了移民身份和饮食数据。我们对食物频率问卷的数据进行了主成分分析，得出了“谨慎”和“西方”饮食模式。结果是表征最健康模式（即最高的谨慎模式、最低的西方模式）的三分位数。次要结果包括水果和蔬菜（F&V）以及大豆的高摄入量，以及红肉、高脂乳制品和甜食的低摄入量。我们拟合对数二项回归模型，以研究自我报告的出生地和与移民相关的变量（语言偏好、移民年龄、在美国的年数和第二代身份）与饮食结果的相对患病率，总体情况以及按种族和民族划分的情况。
谨慎模式和西方模式之间的相关性为r = -0.08，P < 0.001。与在美国出生的女性相比，外国出生的女性食用更谨慎的饮食（患病率比[PR] = 1.52；95% CI：1.38，1.67）和更低的西方饮食（PR = 1.51；95% CI：1.37，1.67），以及更高的F&V，更低的黄油和红肉摄入量。按种族和民族划分的关联相似，尽管我们注意到某些食物以及其他与移民相关的变量存在饮食异质性。
总体而言，以及在同一种族群体中，外国出生的患有乳腺癌的亚洲、西班牙裔和NHW女性的饮食模式比在美国出生的女性更健康。
